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THEORY, Flores Espíndola Itzel Esmeralda - Receptive skills. Monday, 15th…

- - - - Physical actions such as squirming, fidgeting, stuttering, lack of eye contact
        and hostility may also indicate anxiety.
        
        Extrocersion and Introversion
        
        From a communicative teaching point of view introverted learners have presented more
        difficulties in language acquisition than extroverted learners. These types of results do not lead to a clear conclusion that introversion is better than
        extroversion or vice versa.
        
        Direct Method
        
        Direct method does not focus the structure of grammar. It gives importance to speaking skill. In this method English is taught by conversation. The Direct
        Method has one very basic rule: NO TRANSLATIONS IS ALLOWED.
  - - - Also called “Army method” it’s based in conductism, this method is similar to the direct method, allowing the students to use a direct method without using the mother language.
        
        The instructions are given in forain language, the teaching is given in a context, listening
        and speaking are the more important skills to develop.
        
        SITUATIONAL METHOD
        
        The situational method is based on oral procedures and uses different situationals context
        to involve the students in it and teach them new words and structures. it’s a priority to develop first the oral skills rather
        than the written.
        
        AUDIOVISUAL METHOD
        
        The audiovisual method also gives the priority to the oral productions and not the written. As the name says the most important part is that the oral products must have an image
        that represents it.
- - - - As well as the rules that determine the code of
        conduct of individuals, which will vary depending on the existing means and this is what
        governs the social balance.
        
        William James
        
        Functionalism focuses on the study of the purposes and function of mental processes,
        asking the why and what for of the psychological process and behavior.
        
        Situational
        It is based on mental procedures in diverse situational contexts where the student is forced
        to deduce the words or grammatical structures depending on the situation or context.
    - - Emile Durkheim based his theory on functionalism on modern-day perspectives.
        
        Two examples of socialization:
        
        Primary socialization: learning the particularistic values of family and
        community through family (occurs at a young age).
        
        Secondary socialization: learning the universalistic values of wider society
        through education, media and other institutions.**
- - - - Vygotsky’s
        
        Talks about three cognitive abilities in children, the first says that if someone wants to
        know the origin and transformation of the same,they must participate from
        beginning to end in the child's cognitive functioning.
        
        Cognitive Theories determine that the different learning processes can be
        explained, through the analysis of mental processes,
        the intervening of the
        environment and the attitudinal positions of teachers and students.