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SKILLS SENTENCE STRUCTURE AS A KEY TO MEANING, descarga (4), leccion…
SKILLS
SENTENCE STRUCTURE AS
A KEY TO MEANING
THE BASIC SENTENCE
When we speak or write, we group the words in a sentence together so that they will have meaning.
THE SUBJECT
This tells us who or what the sentence is about. It usually comes before the verb. It can be one word or many words.
THE VERB
This tells us what the subject does. It gives us the action or the situation. It can be one word or a few words.
THE REST OF THE SENTENCE
The rest of the basic sentence, after the verb, can be:
-Something that answers the question "what?" or "who?" after the verb.
-Something that refers to or describes the subject.
-Something that answers questions such as "when?", "where?", "how?", "why?" about the verb.
-A combination of any of the above
COMPOUNDING – PUTTING EQUAL PARTS TOGETHER
PUTTING TWO SENTENCES TOGETHER
-Sometimes we put two sentences together, one after the other.
-Between the sentences we put connecting words such as and, or, but, yet, while, whereas or so.
PUTTING TOGETHER ANY PARELLEL ELEMENTS
-
We can put together any elements that are parallel in structure.
-When we put together parallel elements, we sometimes leave out parts that are repeated. Sometimes we use a substitute word instead of the original word.
-When we string together more than two elements, we use connecting words only between the last
two. The rest are separated by commas.
NOUN GROUPS
A noun group is anything that functions as a noun. It can be:
-Subject of a sentence (saying "what/who" does the action of the verb)
-Direct object of a verb (answering the question "what/who" after the verb)
-Indirect object of a verb (answering the question "to whom" after the verb)
-Object of a preposition (answering the question "what/who" after words like to, of, with, for)
ADDITIONS TO
THE VERB
Additions to the verb add information about the verb. They tell us more about the action or the situation, answering questions such as:
-when? where? how? why? for what purpose? despite what? under what condition?
Additions to verbs can be:
-A single word
-A phrase
-A clause
-Connectives
SPECIAL SENTENCE
STRUCTURES
PREPARATORY IT
Sometimes a sentence begins with the word "it" but the "it" does not refer to a noun in a previous sentence. Instead it refers to a phrase or a clause that appears later on in the same sentence. In this kind of sentence, "it" acts as a 'dummy subject', preparing us for the real subject that follows.
