Pathophysiology studies the mechanisms of disease production at the molecular, subcellular, cellular, tissue, organ and systemic or functional levels. For an adequate analysis of these pathogenic mechanisms it is necessary to integrate knowledge and methods from other biomedical disciplines (molecular biology, biochemistry, cellular biology, genetics, physiology, immunology, pharmacology and morphological sciences), so that Pathophysiology is a unifying discipline in providing the scientific basis for medical practice.
According to the W.H.O., occupational health aims to "promote and maintain the highest standards of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations, to prevent all damage to their health from the conditions of their work, to protect them in their work against health hazards, and to place and keep the worker in a job suited to his psychological and physiological aptitudes".
According to the W.H.O., occupational health aims to "promote and maintain the highest standards of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations, to prevent all damage to their health from the conditions of their work, to protect them in their work against health hazards, and to place and keep the worker in a job suited to his psychological and physiological aptitudes".
Physiology of our body
The human body is a complex system of cells, most of which are grouped into organ systems that have specialized functions. These systems can best be understood in terms of the essential functions they perform: release of energy from food, protection from injury, internal coordination, and reproduction.
PHYSICAL HEALTH
To be in good functional condition, the human body requires a variety of foods and experiences. The amount of energy from food (calories) that a person needs varies according to size, age, sex, activity level and metabolic rate. Apart from energy, the normal functioning of the body requires substances that augment or replace the materials from which it is made: unsaturated fats, minimal amounts of a dozen elements whose atoms perform key functions, and small amounts of some substances that human cells cannot synthesize including some amino acids and vitamins.
MENTAL HEALTH
Good mental health comprises the interaction of psychological, biological, physiological, social and cultural systems. It is often thought of as the ability to cope with the ordinary circumstances that people encounter in their daily personal, professional and social lives. However, ideas about what constitutes good mental health vary from culture to culture and from time to time. Behavior that is considered foolish in one culture may be regarded as mere eccentricity or even divinely inspired in another.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Breathing is an involuntary and automatic process, in which oxygen is extracted from the inspired air and waste gases are expelled with the exhaled air. Air is inhaled through the nose, where it is warmed and humidified. It then passes into the pharynx, continues through the larynx and enters the trachea halfway up the chest, the trachea divides into two bronchi which divide again, again and again, into secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi and finally into some 250,000 bronchioles.
NERVOUS SYSTEM
The nervous system is the governing and coordinating system of all conscious and unconscious functions of the organism. It consists of the cerebrospinal system (brain and spinal cord), the nerves and the vegetative or autonomic system.
The brain:
It is the most important part, it is formed by the gray substance (outside) and the white substance (inside), its surface is not smooth but you have some wrinkles or protrusions called convolutions; and some grooves called fissures, the most notable are called the fissures of Sylvius and Rolando. It is incompletely divided by a cleft into two parts, called cerebral hemispheres. In the hemispheres are distinguished areas called lobes, which are named after the bone in which they are in contact.
The Spinal Cord:
The spinal cord is a white, cylindrical nerve cord enclosed within the spinal column. Its most important function is to conduct, through the nerves of which it is formed, the nerve current that carries sensations to the brain and the nerve impulses that carry responses from the brain to the muscles.
Both the definition of intelligence and its measurement have always aroused suspicion and criticism. However, many intelligence tests establish their score on the basis of an average, which has been given a value of 100. Thus, it is determined that 70% of the population has a normal intelligence quotient (IQ), situated between 85 and 115.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
The digestive tract is a long tube, with important embedded glands, which transforms the complex molecules of food into simple substances that are easily utilized by the organism. These simple nutritive compounds are absorbed by the intestinal villi, which line the small intestine. They then pass into the blood and nourish each and every cell of the organism.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Blood is the fluid that circulates throughout the body through the circulatory system, formed by the heart and blood vessels. In fact, blood describes two complementary circuits. In the pulmonary circulation or minor circulation the blood goes from the heart to the lungs, where it is oxygenated or charged with oxygen and discharges carbon dioxide.