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By Sarah Denison, Specific Learning Disabilities - Coggle Diagram
By Sarah Denison
Specific Learning Disabilities
Writing Related / Dysgraphia
Accommodations
Product
Don't mark off for spelling.
Give additional time for writing or note-taking.
Allow assignments to be done on computer.
Alternate means of assessment: oral presentations or visual projects.
Give worksheets with name/date/etc. already filled in.
Content
Allow students to answer math questions with numerals.
Give students a copy of notes on board to copy at desk.
Provide handouts so there is less to copy from the board.
Process
Assign a designated note-taker.
Allow student to use audio-recorder or laptop in class.
Break writing assignments into steps.
Write words in yellow marker and have students trace them.
Assistive Technologies
High Tech
Speech-to-text software
Word prediction software
On-screen keyboard
Portable word processor
Writing apps/ tablets
Proof-reading software
Mid Tech
Digital recorders
Electronic spellers
Electronic dictionary/thesaurus
Low/No Tech
Pencil grips
Raised-line paper
Graph paper
Student struggles with spelling or writing.
Math related / Discalculia
Accommodations
Process
Let students write charts or draw sketches to understand a problem.
Provide charts of math facts, times tables, etc.
Cover up extra problems so student can focus on one at a time.
Content
Use graphic organizers to break down problems.
Use word problems. Put math problems into real-world context.
Give word problems and numeral problems on separate worksheets.
Use visual aids.
Product
Provide extra time on tests.
Allow students to write answers in words.
Provide extra work space on paper.
Assistive Technologies
No Tech
Graph paper
Manipulatives
2D and 3D shapes
Low Tech
Calculators
Talking calculator
High Tech
Math software
Electronic math worksheets
Virtual math manipulatives
Students struggle to understand numbers and math concepts.
Reading Related l Dyslexia
Accommodations
Product
Allow more time for tests.
Allow responses to be given orally - live, audio recorded, or dictated to a scribe.
Students can use graphic organizers.
Content
Provide text in large print.
Provide a designated reader.
Reduce the number of items per line or per page.
Provide visuals and graphics in addition to text.
Provide content in audio format.
Provide content in video format.
Process
Provide oral instructions and repeat instructions
Allow breaks
Allow students to work with partners or small groups of similar learning styles.
Assistive Technologies
Low/No Tech
Ruler or bookmark held under lines.
Highlighting pens or tape.
Magnifying glass
Color overlays/reading tracker
High Tech
Audiobooks
Text-to-speech software
E Readers
mp3 players/iPods
Mid Tech
reading pens
noise canceling headphones
Students struggle to process written words.
Environmental Accommodations
Involve students in their learning goals.
Provide preferential seating.
Provide flexible seating for individual, group, or whole class work.
Share your own strengths and weaknesses.
Get to know your students interests and include them in the lessons.
Cultivate a supportive learning environment.
Provide a quiet room or separate space if needed.
"A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations, including conditions such as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia."
https://sites.ed.gov/idea/regs/b/a/300.8/c