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EUROPE IN AGE OF CARLOS V AND FELIPE II image - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Forgiveness and salvation do not depend on the good deeds
      - Rejection of the veneration of the Virgin Mary, saints and holy relics
      - Priests should be abolished because anyone could read and interpret the Bible in their own way
      - Rejection of the sacraments, except for baptism and the Eucharist
      - Opposition to the Church owning property and support for the nobles taking over the Church's possessions
  - - - was a French theologian who spread a type of Protestantism from Geneva in Switzerland
    - - was a Swiss pastor who founded the Reformed Church in the city of Zurich
  - - - The church possessed extensive lands and taxed the humble population
      - It also obtained income by carrying out religious sacraments
    - - it sold indulgences, through which it helped believers to be forgiven for their sins
      - When the church needed money
        
        for the construction of the new Saint Peter's Basilica
- - - - Measures were taken to resolve internal corruption
      - Seminaries and universities were founded to improve the training priests received
      - Bishops were more strictly controlled, the sale of indulgences was prohibited and the religious orders were reformed
      - The Society of Jesus also gained importance
    - - The Inquisition was reinforced and an Index of forbidden books, which opposed the Catholic faith, was published
      - whose followers were considered heretics
    - - The dogmas and principles that the Protestants had rejected were maintained
      - These included carrying out good deeds to achieve salvation, observing the seven sacraments
      - venerating the Virgin Mary and the saints
      - recognising the Pope as the highest authority
  - - - the Church excommunicated Luther and attempted to prosecute him for heresy
      - It was unsuccessful because he received the protection of the German nobles
      - Carlos I, the Catholic Monarchs' grandson and King of Spain, was appointed Emperor in 1519
      - Various meetings took place, such as the Diet of Worms, but no agreement was reached
      - Protestants, but they referred to themselves as the Reformed
    - - In the Low Countries, the Dutch War of Independence or Eighty Years' War (1568-1648) took place
      - In the British Isles, the Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1639-1651) took place
      - In France, the wars between Catholics and Protestants continued into the second half of the 16th century
- - - - The riches obtained from the Americas were not sufficient to finance their foreign policies
      - numerous wars against other kingdoms
    - - they took measures to preserve religious unity
        
        their territories
        
        whole of Europe
    - - they waged religiously motivated wars against the Protestant states
  - - - the colonies through the Casa de Contratación
      - the population increased and the cities grew
    - - elipe II organised a fleet system
        
        he voyages between the Americas and Sevilla could be made in groups escorted by warships
    - - The arrival of metals enriched the nobility
        
        They used the silver and gold to buy luxury products
      - The craft industry began to grow due to an increase in demand from the American territories
        
        the rise in prices made Spanish products more expensive
      - the kings to finance the numerous wars they were involved in throughout Europe
      - the monarchs were able to begin more expensive projects
        
        they resorted to increasing taxes
      - The economy continued to be based on agriculture