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THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION - Coggle Diagram
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
It was a religious movement that
Began in the first half of the 16th century
It made the Christian Church to be divided and protestant churches to be found
Martin Luther
He was a German priest
He was scandalised by the corruption in the Church
In 1517, he published "95 thesis"criticising bad practices of the Christian Church
This marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation
These are the main principles of the Lutheran docrine
Forgiveness and salvation should depend on faith and god's will
Rejection of the veneration of the holy relics, the Virgin Mary and the saints and rejection of the sacraments, except from baptism and Eucharist
Free interpretation of the Bible
Opposition to the Church owning property
Causes of the reformation
The church's wealth
The high clergy lived a life of luxury and they obtained all that wealth from
The taxes the humble population had to pay
The money they obtained from carrying out religious sacraments and from the veneration of holy relics, saints and the Virgin Mary
The buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions
These positions provided some economic rights to the priests and that's why they were a form of getting rich
The bad example set by the high clergy
The high clergy didn't respect the customs or morals that they preached and they occupied those positions because that would make them wealthier
The sale of indulgences
They made people believe that if they paid an amount of money all their sins were forgiven
The low clergy's lack of training
The low clergy didn't behave properly because the church didn't give a lot of importance to their training
All of this angered a lot of people, such as peasants or humanists, like Erasmus of Rotterdam but no action was taken to resolve the situation
The spread of the reformation
Lutheranism spread rapidly across some countries of Europe, such as
Low countries
Scandinavian peninsula
Denmark
Germany
The movement also made other reformers to appear with other doctrines
John Calvin
His beliefs were based on predestination
Calvinism spread from Switzerland to England, Scotland, France and the north of the Low Countries
Henry VIII
He started the Anglican Church because the Catholic Church didn't let him divorce Catherine of Aragon
Ultricht Zwingli
Rejected the authority of the Pope
Proposed abolishing religious imagery and celibacy among priests
