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THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION, imagen, imagen - Coggle Diagram
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
The Reformation was a religious movement which began in the first half of the 16th century that It instigated the division of the Christian Church.
the spread of the reformation
Ultricht Zwingli
was a Swiss pastor who founded the Reformed Church in the city of Zurich
John Calvin
was a French theologian who spread a type of Protestantism from Geneva in Switzerland. His beliefs were based on predestination, meaning that people were destined for salvation or damnation from birth
Lutheranism spread rapidly across northern Europe. movement also diversified and other reformers appeared with new doctrines
The Pope would not give his consent for King Henry VIII to divorce Catherine of Aragón. Therefore, in 1534 he broke with the Catholic Church and under which he appointed himself head of the Church of England or Anglican Church.
causes
The church's wealth
high clergy lived a life of luxury. The church possessed extensive lands and taxed the humble population. It also obtained income by carrying out religious sacraments and from the veneration of holy relics, saints and the Virgin Mary
The buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions
These positions provided an income and economic rights
The bad example set by the high clergy
majority of those at the top of the hierarchy occupied positions for their own gain
the sale of indulgences
When the church needed money, it sold indulgences, through which it helped believers to be forgiven for their sins
The low clergy's lack of training
church hierarchy did not give much importance to the training of its priests and therefore, many of them did not behave appropriately
circumstances angered the majority of believers. Many peasant revolts occurred, in which they demanded both religious and economic reforms
luther's break from rome
main principles
ejection of the veneration of the Virgin Mary, saints and holy relics. Rejection of the sacraments, except for baptism and the Eucharist.
opposition to the churchowning property and support for the nobles taking over the Church's possessions
free interpretation of the bible
Forgiveness and salvation do not depend on the good deeds a person does in life
Luther continued to criticise the Church and develop his ideas, resulting in the Lutheran doctrine
German priest Martin Luther was scandalised by the amount of corruption in the Church. He published 95 Theses in 1517, criticising the sale of indulgences and other bad practices carried out by the ecclesiastical hierarchy
dates
Luther translates the Bible into German
1522
The Pope demands that Luther retracts his writings at the Diet of Worms
1521
owning property and support for the nobles taking over the Church's possession
1517
Lutheranism spreads to Denmark and Norway.
1536
Eradication of the Lutheran groups in Spain.
1559-1562
