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Jordan, UNITED KINGDOM, 3.2.9.1.65d42a3206adc598e2c7 - Coggle Diagram
Jordan
PLACES
Climate: arid desert with rain from November to April.
Natural resources include phosphates, potash and shale oil.
Sanitation, on average and in urban areas, is accessible by 98.6% of the population
Just under 97% of the population has access to improved drinking water; that is, 97.8% of the urban population but only 92.3% of the rural population.
POWER
Supply is extremely limited at 145 m3 per person per year.
To meet demand Jordan has increased extraction from normal aquifers to the point that withdrawal rates exceed recharge. In addition, water is extracted from fossilised deep aquifers
POSSIBILITYS
FOOD
Agriculture is mostly restricted to the Jordan Valley, the strip of higher population density running north to south
Food supply is relatively good with 92% of the population having access to food.
Jordan is self-sufficient in fruit and vegetables; this is due to the fact that the government supports this sector strongly.
WATER
Supply is extremely limited at 145 m3 per person per year.
Water demand exceeds renewable water resources, resulting in deficits of around 187
Just under 97% of the population has access to improved drinking water.
Sanitation, on average and in urban areas, is accessible by 98.6% of the population, whereas in rural areas access is 98.9%.
ENERGY
increase the use of local resources such as oil shale and natural gas: this will require fracking
diversify energy resources by expansion of renewable energy projects
Jordan is aware of the problems it faces and has made resource management a priority. This includes large-scale projects and initiatives such as the Al-Disi Aquifer Agreement (a fossil aquifer) and the Red-Dead project combined with a desalination plant.
reduce dependence on imported oil through the use of nuclear power; the problem with this solution is that nuclear power uses a lot of water, which Jordan does not have.
PROSSESSES
Agriculture consumes over 50% of Jordan’s limited water supplies but contributes only 6% to the GDP and 12% of the exports.
Jordan is self-sufficient in fruit and vegetables; this is due to the fact that the government supports this sector strongly.
Jordan must import the staple grains because grain production has been in decline since the 1960s. As the population grew, urbanised water was diverted away from agricultural production to meet the new demand. Cereals suffered as they need more water than the indigenous crops.
UNITED KINGDOM
PLACES
Climate: temperate with over half the days overcast.
Natural resources: all the fossil fuels, metal ores (iron, lead, zinc, tin and gold), building materials (limestone, slate, clay, silica sand and gypsum), potash and arable land.
Rainfall is distributed unevenly both temporally and spatially in the UK
POSSIBILITY
WATER
High water availability 14.5 million m3 per day available for domestic and commercial use. Each household uses approximately 145 litres per person per day. all water in the UK comes from rainfall
Global climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of droughts, especially in the eastern and south-eastern parts of England.
By 2035 it is expected that 45% of the water resource zones could fall short of demand.
ENERGY
high energy security risk in 2011
PROCESSES
GENERAL INFO
Crude birth rate (CBR) = 12.1 births/1000 people/year.
Annual imports: US$581.6 billion: fuel, foodstuffs, machinery and manufactured goods
ENERGY
heavy dependence on non-renewable energy sources
shortfall of crude oil
Natural gas, crude oil and refined petroleum products are imported and exported in varying quantities
1.11% of the global carbon emissions
WATER
Natural increase rate (NIR) = 12.1–9.4/10 = 0.27%; this does not take into account the immigration rate of 2.5 migrants per 1000 population.
Crude birth rate (CBR) = 12.1 births/1000 people/year.
Annual exports: US$412.1 billion; chemicals, drinks, food, manufactured goods and tobacco.
only 10% of the freshwater resources are abstracted
Water security shows that current usage is 20–40% of supply (medium to high risk of insecurity)
FOOD
low risk of food insecurity
obesity rates of 27% in 2017
Farming ...
uses nearly 70% of the land
employs 1.5% of the workforce
provides 60% of the food that the UK eats
in East Anglia (crops) and the south west (livestock)
Poor income
diversifying into organic farming, biofuels and non-agricultural activities
POWER
GDP: US$42,500 per capita PPP adjusted.
whole population (100%) has access to improved drinking water
99.2% of the population has access to improved sanitation with 99.1% access in urban areas and 99.6% in rural areas
ISSUES:
maintaining critical flow rates during dry conditions
increased frequency and duration of droughts
poor replenishment rates of aquifers
rising sea levels causing salinisation of aquifers
increased demand for irrigation, industry and gardens.
