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2.5 WALLS - Coggle Diagram
2.5 WALLS
1) Single-stud Walls with EXTERIOR INSULATING SHEATHING-----> Common way 2x6 R-20
Advantages:
Use readily available materials
Simple way to reduce thermal bridging through framing
Small incremental costs compared
Disadvantgaes:
Creates a requirement to build out around window and door openings
Reduces the ability of wall to dry to the exterior
2) single-stud Walls with interior strapping and insulation
advantages:
The extra insulation that covers the inside reduces thermal bridging.
Electrical services can be installed on the interior side to minimize penetrations
Disadvantages:
Drywall must be installed vertically
7) EXTERIOR INSULATION FINISH SYSTEMS (EIFS)
Type of Exterior wall cladding that provides an insulated finished surface in an integrated composite material system.
Advantages:
Continuity of thermal barrier and additional insulating capacity to meet energy cost requirements
Ease of mechanical and electrical installation without affecting the Air Barrier
Good resistance to rain water penetration
Range of finish colours and texture available
Disadvantages:
Vulnerable to impact damage
Relies on precision installation
EIFS can be installed over concrete and masonry and be attached to substrate sheathing fastened to either steel or wood framing.
8) INSULATING CONCRETE FORM (ICF)
Advantages:
Lightweight Material
Uniform R-value
Framing+Insulation+sheathing+Air Barrier combined in one easy step
Little specialized labor required.
Disadvantages:
More care in layout
Higher initial costs
Professional design input needed
Steel reinforcing required
Difficult to make changes on-site once concrete has been poured.
Care is needed to concrete past the rebar and form ties to the bottom of the foam.
3) Double stud Walls
Considered in very very cold climates. It consists of a load-bearing structural wall and a lighter non-bearing wall.
Advantages:
Smaller dimension lumber can be used.
Wide range of insulation values is possible
Thermal bridging through wood framing in minimized.
Disadvantages:
Labour and Material costs will be higher
Additional thickness reduces interior floor dimensions
4) STANDOFF WALLS
Double stud wall with interior wall being load barrier system. I-joists can be used
Advantages:
Can be designed to accommodate high insulation walls
Disadvantages:
Vapour barrier and insulation materials are exposed to weather during installation.
5) Rigid Insulating Code wall Panel
Rigid insulating code wall panels
Advantages;
Uniform insulation of the wall assembly
Good Air Barrier is provided if the joist system is sealed
Thermal break is provided behind all studs
Disadvantages:
Plumbers ans other trades must be careful not to ignite the insulation
Thermal bridging may occur through top and bottom plates.
6)STRUCTURAL INSULATED PANELS
SIPS are PolyStyrene, PolyUrethane or glass fiber insulating cores sandwiched between skins of plywood
Advantages:
Uniform insulation of the wall assembly
Good Air barriers is providedif the joist system seals well
Rapid construction, early close-in
Disadvantages:
Beware of hot tools used by plumbers and other trades as it could ignite the insulation
Thermal bridging may occur through top and bottom plates
9) Plumbing Penetrations
Several types of plumbing components may penetrate exterior walls:
drain pipe and vent stacks
Water supply pipes
Gas line piping
Where plumbing components pierce the membrane Air barrier, a wood panel sheathing backing board is mounted flush with the inside face of the studs.
Where pipes pass through wood members, they may rub and squeak whenever hot water is used. The gap between the pipe and the hole should be sealed with a flexible sealant.