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GI parasites: Nematodes - Coggle Diagram
GI parasites: Nematodes
tapeworms/cestodes
Dipylidium caninum
acquired from ingesting fleas
Taenia
spp.
Echinococcus
sp.
from carnivorism
granulosus
:dog:
multilocularis
:dog::cat:
CS
usually none
rice grains in poop or on perineum
treatment
praziquantel
flea control
zoonotic :woman:
cause hydatid cysts
uncommon in US
roundworms/ascarids/
Toxacara
species
cati
leonina
canis
:dog::cat: no adults clinically affected, puppies and kittens only
transmission
transplacental
transmammary
in the body
lives in proximal SI
somatic migration
penetrates intestine
migrates to liver and lung
coughed up from lungs and swallowed
CS
unthrifty
pot-bellied
poor haircoat
stunted
+/- vomiting
rarely: obstruction
zoonotic :woman:
visceral larval migrans
treatment
pyrantel
fenben
ivermectin
milbemycin
deworm every 2w from 2-8w of age + dam
hookworms
Ancylostoma caninum
:dog:, esp puppies
transmammary
traverse lungs
pneumonia risk
reside in SI
secrete enzymes
digest mucosa
bloodsucking
dormant in skeletal mm
CS
mild diarrhea
blood loss
anemia (puppy)
adults may be asymptomtic
assocaited with poorly managed kennels
treatment
drontal plus
pyrantl pamoate
fenbendazole
febantel
repeat treatments every 2-3w
zoonotic :woman:
cutaneous larval migrans
retreatment often needed due to missed worms encysted in mm.
whipworms
Trichuris vulpis
:dog:
in the body
lives in cecum and LI
CS
usually asymptomatic
LI diarrhea
mucus
frank blood
rare
severe hemorrhagic diarrhea
weight loss
anemia
death
treatment
fenben for 3d
drontal plus montly for 3mo
testing
fecal float
egs and cysts float
solutions based on density of expected eggs
fecasol
sucrose
zinc
standing vs. centrifugation
limitations
:forbidden: tissue migration
false positives
fecal antigen ELISA
detects Ags on intestinal worms
roundwroms
hookworms
whipworms
false positives after successful treatment
prevention and treatment
pyrantel
treat puppies and kittens
at first visit (as young as 2w)
every 2-3 until 8-12w
adults
2 doses: initial then in 2-3w
fecal float every 6mo
deworm
puppies @ 2,4,6,8w
kittens @ 3, 5, 7, 9
adults
monthly
heartworm preventative
parasitic gastritis
Ollulanus tricuspis
:cat:
transmitted through vomitus
visible to naked eye - ~1mm length
CS
possibly none
anorexia
vomiting
chornic hypertrophic fibrosing gastritis
diagnosis
:forbidden:
fecal float
endoscopy
surgical biopsy
viviparous
treatment
fenben PO q24 x 2d
oxfenben PO q24h x 5d
Physaloptera
spp.
:Cat::dog:
lumen of fundus and antrum
worldwide distribution
arthropod transmission
CS
usually none
cronic vomiting
diagnostics
fecal float
endoscopy
treatment
endoscopic removal
pyrantel pamoate every 2w for 3 treatments
