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Topic 3 Planning: Fundamental of Planning - Coggle Diagram
Topic 3 Planning: Fundamental of Planning
Benefits of Planning
coordinate activities
think ahead
check progree
cope with uncertainty
Responce to Uncertainty
Defenders (do not seek to opputtunities)
Prospectors (developing new markets)
Analyzers (let other organization take the risks)
Reactors (passive & reative)
Type of uncertainty
State Uncertainty (Weather)
Effect Uncertainty (environment changes)
Responce Uncertainty (consequences of decision)
Making Plans
Mission Statement (purpose)
Vision Statement (should become)
Strategic Planning (top managers, 1-5years)
Tractical Planning (middle managers, 6-24months)
Operational Planning (first-managers, 1-52weeks)
Types of planning
Strategic planning (top managers, long-term, 1-5 years)
Tactical planning (middle managers, 6-24months)
Operational planning (first-line managers, specific tasks, 1-52weeks)
Goals (specific commitment)
Tractical Goals (middle managers)
Stategic Goals (top managers)
Operational Goals (first-line managers)
SMART Goals
Attainable
Result-oriented
Measurable
Targer-date
Specific
Management By Objectives
4.The managers make performance appraisal and rewards the employee according to the result
3.Managers and employees periodically review the employee's performance
2.Managers develop action plans
1.Managers and employees jointly set objectives for the employees