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Visions of the West, Natives and Early Migrants - Coggle Diagram

- - - - There was very little water, food and wood.
        
        The tribes native to the area generally survived on buffalo
        
        There were many different biomes within the plains, which varied from deserts to grasslands to mountains
  - - - In the 17th century lived on the southern plains, In Autumn up until the 1830's moved to villages on the edge of plains
      - Used a mixture of horseback warfare and firearms to raid other tribes and settlements
      - Adopted a nomadic horse culture
    - - Used Buffalos as a way of getting food and clothing, which they traded at outposts for guns, powder and alcohol
      - Hunting and horsemanship became part of their culture, as horseback warfare was necessary to survive.
      - Lived in small settlements in the northern plains in the 18th century
    - - Used Buffalos for trade, food and clothing, similar to other tribes. They also used them for tipis, which was easy to carry, which was good for a nomadic lifestyle.
      - Believed in the great spirit, also their warrior culture was very important.
      - Used and Stole horses to control hunting territory.
- - - - The Idea that God gave America to white people and it was their duty to God to colonise America and convert all the natives to Christianity
  - - - Visions of the West
        
        Instead of people buying land, the church owned the land and divided it up, giving more to the more loyal people.
        
        They were forbidden to challenge this
        
        By 1852 10000 people had moved to salt lake city
        
        The life they lived was heavily dictated by the church.
        
        Escaped from persecution
        
        The Mormons are a religious group based in salt lake city, who relocated to Utah due to being persecuted for their religious beliefs.
        
        Mormons were anti slavery, despite this, when Utah joined the union, it was a slave state
        
        How Utah became a state
        
        Young applied, but was denied
        
        This was because those in the east didn't want mormonism to spread
        
        The Government sent troops to bring the Mormons into line
        
        A band of Mormons killed some US settlers, blaming it on the Native Americans
        
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      - Context
        
        The Mormons began originally in new york, after the founder Joseph Smith came across come golden plates, which he claimed to be written Mormon, the father of the angel who taught Smith to read these texts
        
        Mormons were and are widely criticised for the aggressive conversions tactics it uses, as well as the polygamist nature of the churches views
    - - Gold miners wanted to seek their fortune in the west after gold was discovered in the Rockies and California
        
        Panning all day for gold was very hard work, which lead to tensions between the miners, sometimes resulting in Murder.
        
        By 1852 the majority of the surface gold was depleted, so mines were opened to dig out Quartz Crystals, refining the "useless" material in "stamp mines", to extract the gold
        
        By 1852 108 huge mills were a large part of the gold rush, unfortunately people moving there, hoping for a better life ended up earning tiny amounts of money in the mills
        
        California became a state in 1850
      - There were 2 significant gold rushes in the American West
        
        The first began in California, in 1848
        
        James Marshall discovered gold at John Sutters Mill in the Siera Nevada Mountains, close to San Francisco
        
        President James Polk confirmed rumours of prospectors earning over $100 dollars a day
        
        Merchants also made money, being able to sell goods for as much as 10 times the normal price.
        
        Levi Strauss profited by selling denim trousers to miners, which boosted cotton production in the south
        
        And finding $16 of gold dust in their beards at the end of the day
        
        It was not long until Gold Mines opened
        
        50000 People came to California in 1849 alone
        
        The second was in the Kansas Territory in 1858
        
        By 1859 more than 100 000 people came to the Kansas Territory, as there was a recession in 1857, many were struggling.
        
        Many more people came compared to the CA gold rush, this was because of:
        
        new railways, such as the 600 mile one from St Joseph to Pike's Peak
        
        An increase in mining led to greater development of farming in the plains
        
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        Booster towns which served as stops for travellers along frequently used roads.