• Voting at meetings: Section 189 unless a poll is demanded (Section 190), all resolutions put to a vote at any general meeting will be decided on a show of hands. Chairperson will declare that a resolution has, on a show of hands, been carried, or carried unanimously, or by a specified majority, or lost. If the vote results in a tie, the chairperson is entitled to a second or casting vote. The result of the vote should be recorded in the minutes of the meeting and will be conclusive evidence of the proceedings. At a meeting, a poll may be demanded in relation to a matter by: the chairperson; at least 3 members present in person or by proxy; any member or members present in person or by proxy representing not less than 10% of the voting rights of all the members having the right to vote at the meeting, or a member or members holding shares with voting rights being the aggregate sum of not less than 10% of the total sum paid up on all the shares conferring that right. R v Lambeth (UK): decision was invalid as a member who was entitled to vote was excluded from doing so. Pender v Lushington (UK).