Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Haiti's increased vulnerability due to... - Coggle Diagram
Haiti's increased vulnerability due to...
Low level of development
One of the poorest countries in the world
GDP of $660 per person
In 2008 remittances made up 32% of GDP
72% of population live below $2 per day
Life expectnacy of 62 years
Outbreak of Cholera
Case identified in October 2010 after they had been free from cholera for 100 years. It was believed to have come from the UN peacekeeping force from Nepal
By November 2011 there had been 6900 deaths reported from cholera and more than 500,000 cases reported
The US-based Institute for Justice and Democracy in Haiti filed the demand on behalf of some 5,000 victims. UN mission failed to screen peacekeepers and respond to the outbreak
The Institute for Justice and Democracy in Haiti (IJDH) - a Boston-based human rights group - is demanding $50,000 (£31,000) in compensation for each sick person and $100,000 (£62,000) for each death
The UN has never acknowledged responsibility for the outbreak - which has infected more than 600,000 people - saying it is impossible to pinpoint the exact source of the disease, despite the mounting evidence the epidemic was caused by poor sanitation at a camp housing infected Nepalese peacekeepers.
Management of aid
Lack of coordination as Haiti didn't have an emergency plan in place and the UN lost personnel so it was 3 weeks until aid organizations could meet with the Humanitarian coordinator of the UN (replacement as the original post-holder had died in the EQ
NGOs flew in but didn't actually know the needs of survivors - very few spoke French so it was difficult to communicate
Projects left half done
Some areas received duplication of aid whilst others received none
A lot of the money was spent on transport and places to stay for aid workers rather than on local communities
The country's history
Became independent from France in 1804
Was a French colony using slaves to grow sugar, they received sovereignty after 90 million gold francs were paid as recompense for "lost property" of slaves. Had to take out high interest loans and the debt was not fully repaid until 1947.
30yrs afterwards the country was ruled by brutal and corrupt dictatorship of Duvalier family. Ended in 1986 but still remained corrupt.
40,000 slaves imported a year. The average life expectancy of a Haitian slave was 21 years
Duvaliers at times embezzled up to 80% of Haiti's international aid whilst debts accounted for 45% of what the country owned
Jean Claude Duvalier (Baby Doc) the heir fled taking as much as $990m