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Energy and ATP - Coggle Diagram
Energy and ATP
Structure of ATP
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This energy comes initially from the Sun. Plants use solar energy to combine water and carbon dioxide into complex organic molecules by the process of photosynthesis.
Both plants and animals then oxidise these organic molecules to make ATP, which is used as the main energy source to carry out processes within cells.
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It has three parts. It has adenine, ribose and phosphates.
Synthesis of ATP
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In plant and animal cells during respiration (oxidative phosphorylation/ in other words aerobic conditions)
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In plant and animal cells when phosphate groups are added to ADP from donor molecules (substrate-level phosphorylation).
Uses of ATP
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Activating molecules: Phosphate released from the hydrolysis of ATP can be used to activate other key biological molecules, for example, during glycolysis.
Metabolic Processes: Building macromolecules, for example, larger molecules from smaller ones.
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Secretion: For example, ATP is required to form lysosomes.
ATP Storing Energy
The bonds between these phosphate groups are unstable and so have a low activation energy, which means they are easily broken.
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As water is used to convert ATP to ADP. this is known as a hydrolysis reaction. The reaction is catalysed by the enzyme ATP hydrolase.
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