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Living with Tectonic Hazards - Coggle Diagram
Living with Tectonic Hazards
Some people don't have a choice, they may not be able to afford to move away
Many people do not know about the risks of tectonic hazards where they live
People become complacent as natural hazards occur relatively rarely: they forget about the risk
Mount Vesuvius used to erupt every 20 years, but last erupted in 1944. It is due to erupt again, but most people today have never seen it erupt. 1 million people, including Napeles, live in its shadow today...
People don't want to leave the place their families may have lived for generations
Fertile soils, e.g. Indonesia, means that volcanically active areas are great for farming.
Better building design means buildings can withstand earthquakes.
More effective monitoring of volcanoes and tsunamis means people can be warned and evacuated.
Fault lines associated with earthquakes allow water supplies to reach the surface.
Volcanic areas often host rich mineral deposits, e.g. El Laco iron deposits in the Andes (Chile)
Geothermal energy
Water heated by the mantle
Geothermal energy used for 25% of Iceland's energy needs
Water heated naturally for 90% of homes in Iceland
Tourism
Tourists visit to see volcanoes, hike and bathe in hot springs
Hundreds of thousands of tourists visit Mount Etna and Mount Vesuvius in Italy every year
One million people visit Iceland each year for its dramatic scenery and contrast between glaciers and volcanoes
Plate margins often coincide with densely populated coasts, e.g. Japan, Southern Europe, China