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aggression - Coggle Diagram

- - - - strength - marcus-newhall et all conducted meta analysis of 49 studies of displaced aggression, found that frustrated ppts were likely to displace their aggression onto an innocent person rather than the source, supports concept that aggression is displaced onto weaker or available target
      - weakness - aggression may not be cathartic (relieved by venting), bushman found that people who vented their anger by punching a punch bag got more angry, contradicts general idea of hypothesis. link between frustration and aggression is complex, events aren't independent, can occur without the other, only explains how aggression occurs in certain situations but not all - however, frustration can be caused by negative feelings (loneliness, jealously, pain), aggressive behaviour can be triggered by these negative emotions, therefore frustration is a broad category
  - - - strength - real world application, SLT can help reduce aggression, provide rewards to non aggressive models so the children imitate them, bob doll study is research support
      - weakness - lacks ecological validity, study was conducted in the 60s, parenting styles may have changed since then. underestimates influence of biological factors, bandura addressed that there is a natural instinct to be aggressive but that it's also likely that it's the outcome of nurture, therefore SLT is an incomplete explanation as there are also powerful genetic influences including evolutionary, hormonal and neural factors
  - - - reduced self awareness - Dunn and Rogers (1982) found that deindividuation as a result of being part of a crowd makes aggression more likely due to the lack of consequences rather than anonymity
        private self awareness - how we pay attention to our own feelings/behaviour, reduced when in a crowd, less self critical
        public self awareness - how much we care about what other people think of our behaviour, also reduced in crowds, anonymous therefore less judged and less accountable
        
        strength - Dodd (1985) developed a classroom exercise to illustrate deindividuation, 229 undergraduate psych students in 13 classes were asked 'if you could do anything humanly possible without consequences what would it be', the students knew their answers were completely anonymous, 3 independent raters didn't know the hypothesis and decided on the categories of antisocial beh, 36% of responses involved some form of antisocial behaviour, 26% were criminal offenses, most common was rob a bank, a few students said murder, rape, 9% were prosocial behaviours that help others. Mann investigated suicidal jumpers and how they baited a crowd who would encourage them to jump, tended to occur in darkness, large crowds, when the person is very high up, validity that faceless crowd becomes aggressive
        
        weakness - deindividuated behaviour argues that we act differently to social norms, spears and lea argue that deindividuation leads to conforming to a group, could equally be either antisocial or prosocial