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CHAPTER 6: THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF BIOMASS I - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 6: THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF BIOMASS I
Torrecfation
Dry torrecfation/mild pyrolysis
To remove oxygen & enrich carbon in a solid product
Biomass treated in an inert gas enviroment at 200-300 oC.
Wet torrecfation/hydrothermal carbonization (HTC)
Use hot water for carbonization of biomass with produces solid, liquid & gas in temperature of 200-260 oC.
Aqueous solution contains acetic acid, sugar & other organic acids
Thermo-chemical conversion
3 main process used
Gasification
Biomass is heated in O2 limired atmosphere to produce gaseous fuel with in temp: 450-900 oC.
Pyrolysis technologies
Heating of biomass in the absence of air at 300-500 oC
Solids: charcoal, liquid: bio-oil.
Combustion
Exothermic chemical reaction
Combustion method: fixed bed, moving, fluidized bed, burner.
uses heat as the process energy.
Torrecfaction vs HTC
Torrecfaction process
Decarboxylation, demethoxylation, dehydration, decarbonylation, condensation & aromatization reactions.
i) Hemicellulose decompose: 200&400 oC
ii) Celullose decompose: 300&400 oC
iii) Lignin decompose 180-600 oC (most stable component).
HTC process
Hydrolysis, decarboxylation, dehydration, recondensation & aromatization reaction.
Initiated by hydrolysis
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