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METHODOLOGY AND THEORIES - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Methodlogy is a body of methods, rules, and postulates employed by a discipline". (Webster, 1984)
        
        Methodology is a group of techniques used by teachers in order to teach the content of any language course to non-native students.
  - - - Design
        
        Learner roles in the system
        
        The role that students play in the teaching/learning process.
        
        Teacher roles in the system
        
        Based on the role that teachers pkay in the teaching process.
        
        The teachers are the one who take over the classroom, guide theri students and help them the acquire the target language.
        
        Teachers are not necessary for teaching the non-native language to students because the material can be prepared for self instruction.
        
        The Content of Instruction
        
        The selection of the subject matter to be taught in any language teaching program.
        
        Instructional Material Types and Functions
        
        The role that instructional material play in the teaching/learning process.
        
        Instructional aterial sare basic in any language teaching approach or methods because they reinforce what the teacher teaches in class.
      - Emphasizing the role that some techniques play during yhe development of the teaching/learning process in reguard to any teaching approach or method.
        
        The types of excercise and practice activity
        
        Based to sort of drills and rehearsals that the teacher will use to help students understand in a better way the new subject.
        
        The resources required to implement recomended practices
        
        Additional elements that are needed for achieving such drills and rehearls.
        
        The types od teaching and learning techniques
        
        Based about the kind of technique that the teacher is going to use in class for introducing a new topic.
      - Approach
        
        Theories of the Nature of Language
        
        The foundation for establishing the teaching objectives as well as for elaborating any language teaching program.
        
        Thoeries of the Nature of Language Learning
        
        They give fundamental reasons for choosing specific teaching procedures to achieve the teaching process.
- - - - It is called in this way because he studied the human behavior based on psychlogy principles.
    - - They are important not only because they clarify how learning is achieved by means of a meaningful prodecure, but alos because they hold that while developing the teaching process.
    - - Based on some research made by Ivan Pavlov, who developed a theory know as Classical Conditioning in wich he directed some trials for attempting to train a dog to salivate as it heard a sound of a fork.
  - - - Behavioristic Theories
        
        The theory proposed by Staats and Staats involved the learning of a finite set of responses according to certain probabilities of ocurrence.
      - Nativist Theories
        
        The learning mechanisms, such as certain modes of perception, abilities in categorization and capacities for transformation, are biologically given.
      - Cognitive Theories
        
        One is the cognitive ability to deal with the world, a second is the mental ability to retain items in short term memory, to store items in long term memory, and to process information increasingly with age.