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PRODUCTION OF BIOFUELS FROM BIOMASS MATERIALS - Coggle Diagram
PRODUCTION OF BIOFUELS FROM BIOMASS MATERIALS
BIODIESEL
Alcohol (methanol) + (Veggie oil, animal fat, recycled cooking grease)
Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME)
SOURCE
Plant oil
Waste oil (plant & animal)
Algae
ETHANOL
Alcohol (ethyl alcohol / grain alcohol)
Undrinkable
Made from starch + sugars
From cellulose , hemicellulose
Produced: Gasification
Syngas to ethanol
TYPES
Biologic
(fermentation of sugar with yeast)
Synthetic
(acid catalyzed hydration of ethylene)
APPLICATIONS (BIOFUELS)
Power generation
Heat
Transportation
BIOMASS TO LIQUID (BTL)
Gasification
High yield of low molecular weight products (high H:C)
PRODUCT: Syngas
Syngas to liquid fuel (Fischer-Tropsch process)
ENERGY CONTENT
BUTANOL (80% of gasoline)
ETHANOL (50% of gasoline)
BIODIESEL (90% of petroleum diesel)
GREEN ENERGY
Renewable
Not all renewable energy is green
BIOFUELS
Renewable
Not always green- produce greenhouse gases
BIOFUELS
2nd Generation
Non-food crops
More cost competitive
3rd Generation
Oil of algae
1st Generation
Crops
Majority food crops
Increase food prices
4th Generation
Sustainable energy
Capturing & storing carbon dioxide
PRETREATMENT
Mechanical
Carbon dioxide explosion
White rot fungi
Steam explosion
Acid
Ammonia explosion
Ozonolysis