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Structure of the sun 太阳的结构 - Coggle Diagram
Structure of the sun 太阳的结构
corona日冕
Coronal Mass Ejection冠状物质抛射
1) release of plasma and accompanying magnetic field from the solar corona太阳日冕释放出等离子体和伴随的磁场
2) magnetized plasma consisting primarily of electrons and protons主要由电子和质子组成的磁化等离子体
3) often follow solar flares and are normally during present during a solar prominence eruption经常跟随太阳耀斑，通常出现在太阳暴发期间
1) aura of plasma that surround the sun围绕着太阳的等离子体光环
2) easily seen
during a solar eclipse
日食期间很容易看到
3) Temperature around 2million*c / hotter than the sun surface
Chromosphere
1）Sphere of color 颜色范围
2)3000 - 5000 kilometer deep
3) rosy red color only apparent during total ecslipses (normally invisible) 玫瑰红只有在全食期间才会显现（通常不可见）)
Solar flares
1) Strong and spectacular explosion of gases强烈的气体爆炸
2) Attain maximum brightness within a few seconds and minute在几秒钟和几分钟内达到最大亮度
3) light of solar flares takes 8minutes to reach Earth while the charged gas particle take tens of minutes .太阳耀斑的光需要8分钟才能到达地球，而带电的气体粒子则需要数十分钟。
Prominence突出
1) Huge loop or arched of glowing gases over the sunspot 黑子上方巨大的循环或气体拱起
2) Prominence that are very strong can throw out matter from out to the space at speed ranging from 600km /s to more than 1000 km/s. 突出的强力可以将物质从600 km / s到1000 km / s以上的速度从太空抛出。
3) The prominence plasma is typical hundred times more luminouns and denser that corona plasma突出等离子体的亮度通常是电晕等离子体的一百倍，并且密度更高
Photosphere光球
1) sun outer shell to emit eight 太阳外壳发出八颗
2) 100 KM thick / Temperature 5780K
Granules 颗粒
1) Cells of plasma .浆细胞
2) Hot rising plasma in the center, cooler plasma in the center , cooler plasma falling in the narrow spaces between them .中心的热等离子体上升，中心的等离子体冷却，等离子体下降在它们之间的狭窄空间中。
3) 1000KM in diameter .// Lifespan 8 to 20 minutes // super granules - 24 hours
1) Regions of reduced surface temperature caused by concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection 由抑制对流的磁场通量引起的表面温度降低区域
2) Appear in pairs of opposite magnetic polarity成对出现相反的极性
3) Appear dark because their temperature lower than surrounding granules由于温度低于周围颗粒而显得暗淡
Radiaction zone辐射区
1) Energy transported by radiation and conduction通过辐射和传导传输的能量
2) Energy travers in the form of electromagnetic radiations of photons 能量以光子电磁辐射的形式传播
Convection zone
3) Heated plasma ascending and the cooled plasma descending 加热的血浆上升，冷却的血浆下降
2) Mass movement of plasma in forms of circular convection current 圆形对流形式的等离子体的质量运动
1) Energy transported by convection对流传输的能量
Core
1) 0.2 - 0.5 solar radius太阳半径0.2-0.5
2) Hottest part of the sun (15 millions Kelvin )
Space Weather
a stream of charged particles released from corona从电晕中释放出的带电粒子流 Consists electrons /protons / alpha particles speed of supersonic 250 - 750 km/s
Combination of Earth's magnetic field and the magnetic field in outer space // Project earth from the adverse effects caused by dangerous particles from the Sun of other bodies in the universe .
. telecommunications / navigation system / electric power lines