Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Sociology, Colour one, Colour Two - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Leads to increased suicide
        
        Respond by increasing workers guilds etc
      - Results from modernity vs traditionalism
  - - - Traditions, art, heritage, street-crossings
      - The way that non-material objects like thoughts values action and language come together with material objects to form a way of life
      - Low culture / Popular culture
        
        The cultural behaviours and ideas that are popular with most people in a society
      - High culture
        
        Cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite
      - Mainstream culture
        
        Low and high culture both fit within
        
        The cultural patterns that are broadly in line with society's cultural ideals and values
      - The idea of a melting pot is inaccurate. Some cultures have more power than others. Eg. christians and christmas. One flavours overpowers.
      - Ethnocentrism is the practice of judging one culture by the standards of another culture
      - Multiculturalism is a perspective that, rather than seeing society as a homogenous culture, recognizes cultural diversity while advocating for the equal standing of all cultural traditions.
        
        However there is difficulty in encouraging different cultural identities without promoting divisiveness. It's a constant balance that needs to be sought between unique identities and common societal goals.
      - Counter-culture - in exact opposition to the mainstream culture
    - - Anything that carries a specific meaning that's recognised by people who share a culture
    - - Folkways
        
        Informal rules that go without saying
        
        eg. stand facing back wall in elevator
        
        Can differ between groups. eg. liprings
      - Mores
        
        Formalized stated rules and laws of society
        
        Coming into work topless = you'll get fired
        
        Can differ on situation. Men can be shirtless on the beach, but not at work or in a venue, and women can't be topless in australia, but some nude beaches, specific adult venues and parts of europe allow women to be. topless
        
        Eg. killing. Usually wrong, but okay in war or self defense
      - Taboo
        
        Behaviours which are never okay regardless of the circumstance
        
        Cannibalism, incest, child molestation are examples of taboos which are never okay in our society
- - - - Karl marx
        
        Natural constraints vs social constraints
        
        feudalism and capitalism. Capitalists vs working class. Forces vs relations of production.
    - - DuBois
        
        "Race is a socially constructed category of people who share biological traits that society has deemed important"
        
        Dual consciousness and having two unreconcilable parts of your identity - eg. an african american + and an american
        
        Indigenous vs non-indigenous Australians
        
        Median age is >15 years younger
        
        Die at a younger age
        
        More likely to be located outside of a city including very remote areas
        
        More people in households
        
        More one-parents families
        
        Unemployment >4 times as high
        
        Twice as likely to have a sever or profound disabiliuty
        
        Duboiis established that the reason Black americans had higher rates of death and disease was due to occupational hazards and poverty and unequal access to healthcare
        
        Since been established that a defining reason between black families with better vs worse outcomes is class, but this class was established over many years
        
        Unequal factors in black population comes from unequal access to education and more lucrative jobs.
        
        Race is intertwined with political power and the institutional structures within society
        
        Stuctural racism rather than overt
    - - Feminism
        
        Second wave
        
        Women wanted to be to able to work
        
        Black women were already working - they had to in order to survive financiallyh, after generations of slavery where they were forced to. It would have been more radical for them to stay at home. But this wasn't possible due to structural oppression and the vast differences in the wealth that is built up over generations
        
        Females getting to enter workforce, equal pay, reproductive rights, sexual violence, educational equality and divorce
        
        Contraception
        
        DEfinition "support for social equality among genders"
        
        In opposition to the Patriarchy
        
        Definition "A form of social organisation in which institutional structures are dominated by men"
        
        First Wave
        
        Womens suffrage / Right to vote
        
        Third wave
        
        1990s.
        
        Acceptance that all women are socialised to be racist classist and sexist
        
        Intersectionality with race conflict theory, class conflict theory and gender conflict theory.
        
        Identities cant be understood seperately. Eg. a black womans experiences can't be understood by looking at just a womans experience or just a black persons experience.
      - Some top \US universitys didnt allow females until 1970s
      - Martineau
- - - - Legal-rational legitimacy - people follow the state rules because they are the rules and charismatic legitimacy - we let a specific person/s make those rules because of the extraordinary characteristics of that person
- - - - Forces of production
      - Relations of production
      - Crisis involve underproduction
  - - - Forces of production
      - Relations of production
      - Crisis involves underproduction
  - - - Forces of production
      - Relations of production
      - Proletariat - working class
      - Bourgeoisie : capitalists
      - Crisis involve overproduction
        
        More than enough stuff but people can’t afford it
      - Leads to great economic growth but same factors that lead to growth are self limiting - forces of production limited by relations of production
- - - - Observations > build theory > gather data > idea about how world works
    - - Existing theory > create hypothesis to test theory > gather data > test theory