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Is there such a thing as a moral fact? - Coggle Diagram
Is there such a thing as a moral fact?
You can't directly go from a fact to an ethical claim
there is a bridge that links a fact to a moral claim
Important to understand the implications of our words — certain things can be made moral by articulating them in a different manner
Ethical anti-realism
Moral facts don't exist
Those who believe in moral facts are simply judging something universally that otherwise would be subjective
Moral facts are not genuine descriptions of the world
Moral claims are based on approval and disproval
when it comes to ethics, the power of a community is more than an individuals
Ethical Realist
Believe that some claims might not fall under the is/ought
Some claims can be facts about the world
Intuitionism
Our preconceived notions help us define our morals
Different perspectives/claims
Ethical Realists
Believes that claims such as 'killing is wrong' are objective truths
Ethical Naturalists
Intuitionism
we have the ability to perceive what is right and wrong
Ethical Anti-Realists
Ethical Naturalists
Utilitarianists
ethical truths are just normal or ‘natural’ observable truths + ideas of good and bad just come from what we can observe
Examples given from the natural sciences and the human sciences
Counter Argument: David Humes
Is/Ought versus Fact/Value theory - no amount of description of some phenomenon will ever logically lead to a moral claim.
is statements can never have ideas of ethics in them
Ethical claims can not come from a point of observation as they are based on emotion/religion
Prescriptive Claims: prescribe a certain type of behaviour (eg. good then we promote vs bad then don't promote)
Ethical Naturalists
Link to SCOPE
By observing and measuring natural aspects we can come to conclusions on what we 'ought' to do
the scope of science is to provide ethical claims about how we ought to behave
the scope of science is limited to these observations and measurements and that they alone will never tell us what to do.