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Adrenergic Alpha Blocker Drugs - Coggle Diagram
Adrenergic Alpha Blocker Drugs
prazosin (Minipres)
Mechanism of Action
competes with NE at alpha receptor to block binding
Adverse Effects
orthostatic hypotension
unconscious 30 min after first dose
reflex tachycardia
nasal congestion
inhibition of ejaculation
Uses
decreases BP, no effect on HR
Administration Alerts
short half life, must be given 2-3x/day
start with a low dose to avoid hypotension
Treatment of Overdose
fluid expanders (saline)
vasopressors (dopamine, dobutamine)
Contraindications
caution in elderly patients
caution in those with known allergies to drug
Drug-Drug Interactions
additional anti-hypertensives
diuretics
Prazosin
Adverse Effects
Dizziness, headache, weakness, drowsiness, mental depression, syncope
blurred vision, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome
first dose orthostatic hypotension, palpitations, angina, edema
abdominal cramps, diarrhea, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting
erectile dysfunction, priapism
Administration Alerts
monitor BP and pulse frquently
monitor for BHP
Contraindications
hypersensitivity
Caution
Renal insufficiency
angina pectoris
alongside diuretics
cataract surgery patients
Drug-Drug Interactions
Additive hypotension with acute ingestion of alcohol, antihypertensives, or nitrates
may be decreased by NSAIDs
Uses
Anti-Hypertensives
lowering of BP
decrease cardiac preload and afterload
decreased symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia
Mechanism of Action
Dilates both arteries and veins by blocking postsynaptic alpha1-adrenergic receptors
decreases contractions in smooth muscle of prastatic capsule
tamsulosin (Flomax)
Adverse Effects
Dizziness, Headache
orthostatic hypotension
intraoperative floppy iris syndrome, rhinitis
priapism, retrograde/diminished ejaculation
Administration Alerts
Assess for symptoms of BPH
Assess for first dose orthostatic hypotension and syncope
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Patients at risk for prostate carcinoma
patients undergoing cataract surgery
sulfa allergy
Drug-Drug Interactions
Cimetidine may increase levels and the risk of toxicity
doxazosin, prazosin, terazosin increase risk of hypotension
sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil increase risk of hypotension
strong CYP3A4 inhibitors and CYP2D6 inhibitors
doxazosin (Cardura)
Adverse Effects
dizziness, headache, depression, drowsiness, fatigue, nervousness, weakness
abnormal vision, blurred vision, conjunctivitis, epistaxis, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome
dyspnea
first-dose orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmias, chest pain, edema, palpitations
abdominal discomfort, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, flatulence, nausea, vomiting
decreased libido, priapism, sexual dysfunction
flushing, rash, urticaria
arthralgia, arthritis, gout, myalgia
Administration Alerts
monitor BP and pulse 2-6 hours after first dose
assess patient for symptoms of prostatic hyperplasia
Drug-Drug Interactions
increased risk of hypotension: sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, other antihypertensives, nitrates, or acute ingestion of alcohol
NSAIDs, sympathomimetics, or estrogens may decrease effects of antihypertensive therapy
Uses
Antihypertensives
lowering of BP
Increased urine flow and decreased symptoms of BPH
Mechanism of Action
Dilates both arteries and veins by blocking postsynaptic alpha1-adrenergic receptors