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Coasts - Coggle Diagram
Coasts
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Coastal Erosion features
Headlands and bays: Formed on an Atlantic coastline
-Bays: Formed when soft rock has being eroded away.
-Headlands: Formed when hard rocks are left behind.
Cliffs and wave cut platforms: During erosion high and low tides erode the cliffs at the bottom causing a wave cut platform.
Then the cliffs slowly start to retreat(the width gets smaller) and forms platforms(steps)
Caves, Arches, Stacks and Stumps: Happens in Headlands. If there is a crack in the cliff, the water waves will hit the weak spots and a CAVE will be formed.
- As the cave gets bigger and taller an ARCH is formed.
- Eventually the arch will break due to instability by weathering or erosion and form a STACK.
- At last due to coastal processes Hydraulic action and Abrasion stack will crash into water leaving a Stump( small log looking rock)
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Waves
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2 types of waves
Destructive waves: backwash is greater than swash
-It has short wavelengths and creates a steep narrow beach.
Constructive waves: Swash greater than backwash
-It has long wavelength and creates a gently sloping beach.
Coastal Transportation
Longshore drift: Material is moved along the coast by the waves.
-Swash: waves approach the coast at an angle carrying
material with them.
-Backwash: waves travel at a right angle dragging the material with them back into the sea.
-However slowly material is transported along the coast.
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