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Teaching Methodologies for EFL - Coggle Diagram
Teaching Methodologies for EFL
Method from the
teaching point of view
Approach
According to Richards (1989)
It's divided in:
It's based on:
Assuptions
On the nature of language
and its learning.
Research
Beliefs
There are three groups
Functional
Semantics
Interactional
Personal and social relationships
Structural
Syntax and grammatical rules
Design
Has connetion between...
Language theories
Language program
It's based in 4 elements
Learner's role
Active
Passive
The teacher's role
Based on the two views:
Nessesary teachers
Teachers not
needed or required
The content of
the instruction
What to say
There are two
points of view
Approach or teaching
method to be used
Test system
Degree programs
How to say
Instructional
materials
Specific teaching
materials
Procedure
Real development of
teaching in the classroom
Based on approaches
or methods
Three aspects
Type of language teaching
technique to introduce a topic
Types of exercises or drills
that help students learn
Resources needed to develop
the teaching procedure
Three elements
Time (minutes)
Space (exercise that can be short/long)
Equipment (TV, CD, etc.)
Methodology of english teaching
So methodology is...
A way in order to get an objective
What is method?
Path that helps to achieve a goal
Theories of L1 and L2
language acquisition
L1
The generative
Innate language mechanisms
Nativist approach:
Human beings
preprogrammed to speak
Cognitive approach:
Based on
knowledge about the language
and the world
The behavioristic
Human behavior
Authors:
Skinner:
Verbal behavior theory
Operant contitioning
Positive and negative reinforcement
Jenkis and Palermo:
Syntactic patterns
supported by imitation
Pavlov:
People learn consciously
and not for rewards
Brown:
Acquisition through relationships
between themselves and environment
Response to positive and negative stimuli
Others...
L2
4 learning skills needed
to learn a second language
Neobehaviorism
Skinner
: Human behavior and
psychological principles
Cognitive learning
Ausubel
: Relationship between
prior and new knowledge
Meaningful learning - new information
Smith
: Meaning manufacturing method
Two types of memory: Short and long term memory
Classical behaviosm
Pavlov
: Conditioning theory
Watson
: Stimulus-response connections
Humanistic psichology
Rogers
: Client-centered therapy theory
Learning based on the ability of
the human being to learn avoiding failure
Basic aspects of L1 and
L2 language acquisition
Learning
Communication strategies drawn
from everyday life situations.
Two aditional elements:
General rules
Structure of the language related to syntax
Teaching
Guiding
Facilitating
People learn something new
Helping
Used by teachers to:
Help students to study
or view new facts
Language
Helps communication
between human beings of:
Traditions
Customs
Same culture
Values
It has a logical order
Sounds
Letters
Words
Phrases
Prayers
Speech