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Spain 1919-39 Key Historical Debates and supporting Historiography -…
Spain 1919-39 Key Historical Debates and supporting Historiography
Why did the Republic lose the Civil War?
Republican incompetence
Hugh Thomas: The Republic was reluctant to arm the people, nd this put it at a large disadvantage, meaning that the coup could not be crushed quickly, allowing it to develop into a civil war.
Republican disunity
Stanley Payne: "Republic lost because it was unable to unify its forces, despite Stalinist influence".
Madeleine Albright: "Franco benefitted from the divisions of the Republicans"
Foreign Intervention
Paul Preston: Civil War was a "European War on Spanish soil"
Economic reasons
Seidman: "For the majority of people, physical needs and desires trump political aspirations and ideology any day".
Nationalists did a better job than the Republicans when it came to "avoiding inflation, collecting taxes, providing food and offering efficient government services".
Nationalist superiority
Who was responsible for the Civil War?
Nationalists
Paul Preston: The Nationalists were actively to blame for encouraging violent uprisings against a legitimate government
Helen Graham: Nationalists perpetuated the myth that the Popular Front couldn't control its own violent/radical forces
Popular Front/Republicans
Stanley Payne: "Popular Front wholly responsible for erosion of trust in the Republic"
Allowed/Encouraged revolutionary violence
Major electoral fraud: "The final margin in favor of the Popular Front was primarily the result of violence, mob action, and political manipulations."
Javier Tusell: "A 'not very democratic' democracy"
Stanley Payne: "Four violent revolutionary insurrections by parts of the left between January 1932 and October 1934. (Left did not accept results of November 1933 elections)"
Mary Vincent: "Church was a cohesive force in Spanish society and the Popular Front didn't create viable replacements for it"
Ricardo de la Cierva: "The uprising was to halt left wing lawlessness"
Primo de Rivera