Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
THE REIGN OF THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, image, image, image, image, image -…
THE REIGN OF THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS
Religious policy
Catholic Monarchs objectives was to establish religious unity in their domains
towards the end of the Middle Ages
Jews were persecuted by the Christian population
In the 15th
this anti-Semitism increased.
The Christians believed that the Jews offended God
some of them were bankers and many Christians owed them money
In 1492
the monarchs forced them to convert to Christianity
who did not obey had to sell their assets at a loss and leave their homes.
Sephardic Jews
those who agreed to convert
conversos
were investigated and persecuted
to prevent them from practising their old religion in secret
to prevent revolts and internal divisions the Jews and Muslims were expelled
The Mudéjar
Muslims who lived in Christian territories
in 1502
were expelled from Castilla
1526
were expelled from Aragón
After the conquest of Granada in 1492
Cardinal Cisneros forced them to be baptised
many of them revolted in the Alpujarras
Moriscos
Those who converted
they were also persecuted by the Inquisition
the majority of the Mudéjar were farmers
their departure had a negative impact on agriculture
Foreign policy
Catholic Monarchs' main objectives
The unification of the Iberian Peninsula
isolation of
consolidation of the Crown of Aragón in the Mediterranean
the expansion across the Atlantic
Diplomatic and military strategies were used to achieve these
Diplomatic
The monarchs formed political agreements or alliances
:
their children to the kings and princes of other European kingdoms
Union with
Isabella of Aragón married with King Manuel I of Portugal
Their son Miguel was due to inherit the three kingdoms but both mother and son died
María one of the other daughters was then married to the widowed king
Isolation of
In 1493 the territories of Roussillon and Cerdanya (in the Pyrenees) were returned to Aragón
France continued to be their main enemy
To continue isolating France
the monarchs married their children to English princes
and the Habsburgs of the Holy Roman Empire
who governed Austria and Burgundy.
Military
The Catholic Monarchs carried out a series of military conquests.
On the Iberian Peninsula
after a ten year war
In 1492, Boabdil, the ruler of the kingdom of Granada
surrendered the last existing Muslim state on the Peninsula.
In 1512
Ferdinand the Catholic conquered Navarra to prevent it from forming an alliance with France.
It then became part of the Crown of Castilla
Outside the Iberian Peninsula
Northern Africa
Between 1497 and 1510
various enclaves which Berber pirates operated from were conquered Melilla, Oran and Bugia
Ceuta was conquered by the kingdom of Portugal.
The forces of Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (the Great Captain), defeated the French at the battles of Cerignola and Garigliano in 1503
secured the Aragónese territories of Naples, Sicily and Sardinia.
The Atlantic Ocean
The Canary Islands were conquered
following the subjugation of their inhabitants, the Guanches in 1478-1496
These islands would serve as a stop off point for Christopher Columbus' first voyage to the Americas in 1492
