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The Immune System - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Memory Cells: Long-lived, produces plasma cells during second exposure to antigen
      - Plasma cells: Short-lived, contains antibodies on surface of cell membrane
        
        types of antigens
        
        lgA: Mucosal immunity (secreted into lumen of respiratory and gastrointestinal tract)
        
        lgM and lgD: naive B cell antigen receptor
        
        lgG: neonatal immunity
        
        lgEL
        
        Defense against parasitic worms
        
        Binds to allergens and mast cells
  - - - B cells: Recognize conformation of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, fatty acids
      - T cells: Recognize peptides bound to MHC molecules
        
        alpha and beta chains: recognizes MHC molecules with bound peptides
    - - Structure
        
        Light Chain: 1V + 1C domains
        
        V regions: antigen binding sites
        
        C regions: difference causes isotypes
        
        Heavy Chain: 1V + 3/4 C domains
        
        Attached by disulfide bonds
        
        2 heavy and 2 light chains
      - Binding by antibodies
        
        Reversible, non-covalent
        
        Epitopes: Parts of antigens recognized by antibodies
        
        Strength of interaction: affinity
        
        Number of binding sites
        
        lgG, lgD, lgE: 2
        
        lgA: 4
        
        lgM: 10
        
        Increase in antigen affinity: Affinity maturation