Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
PRESENT TENSES - Coggle Diagram
PRESENT TENSES
PRESENT SIMPLE
FORM
AFFIRMATIVE: S + BASE FORM (3RD person singular: +S / ES)
NEGATIVE: S + DON'T / DOESN'T + BASE FORM
INTERROGATIVE: DO / DOES + S + BASE FORM?
USE: - HABITUAL ACTIONS; - TIMETABLES (MEANS OF TRANSPORT, SHOPS, CINEMAS...) FOR FUTURE
TIME REFERENCES: ADVERBS AND EXPRESSIONS OF FREQUENCY
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
FORM
AFFIRMATIVE: S + AM/ARE/IS + V-ING
NEGATIVE: S + AM NOT/AREN'T/ISN'T + V-ING
INTERROGATIVE: AM/ARE/IS + S + V-ING?
USE: - ACTIONS IN PROGRESS NOW; - PROGRAMMED ACTIONS IN THE FUTURE; IRRITATING ACTIONS FOR THE SPEAKER (WITH ALWAYS)
TIME REFERENCES: (RIGHT) NOW, AT THE MOMENT, LATER, TOMORROW, NEXT WEEK/MONTH
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
FORM
NEGATIVE: S + HAVEN'T / HASN'T + PAST PARTICIPLE
INTERROGATIVE: HAVE / HAS + S + PAST PARTICIPLE?
AFFIRMATIVE: S + HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE
USE
UNDEFINED PAST (VS PAST SIMPLE); - ACTIONS WITH A LINK WITH TO THE PRESENT (RESULT); - DURATION FORM ( WITH FOR/SINCE)
TIME REFERENCES
YET, ALREADY, JUST, NEVER, EVER, FOR, SINCE, HOW LONG, HOW MANY TIMES, IT'S THE FIRST/SECOND...TIME
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
FORM
AFFIRMATIVE: S + HAVE / HAS + BEEN + V-ING
NEGATIVE: S + HAVEN'T / HASN'T + BEEN + V-ING
INTERROGATIVE: HAVE / HAS + S + BEEN + V-ING?
USE
ACTIONS STARTED IN THE PAST AND STILL IN PROGRESS OR JUST FINISHED; FOCUS ON THE EFFECTS
TIME REFERENCES: FOR A WHILE, RECENTLY, LATELY, FOR, SINCE