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AIDS micro ch.18 lecture 6 - Coggle Diagram
AIDS micro ch.18 lecture 6
Causes
Immune system deteriorates with age
Severe stress
Malnutrition and environmental factors
S/S
Syndrome
opportunistic infections or rare infection of HIV decreased CD4 cells.
Pathogen and virulence factors
HIV causes AIDS, if untreated
HIV
enveloped, tssRNA virus
Retrovirus
uses reverse transcriptase to make DNA copy of genome
2 types of HIV
HIV-1 :
present in US and E.U.
HIV-2
west africa
HIV structure
retrovirus in shape, component and size
2 antigenic glycoproteins
Gp120
Gp41
HIV origin
arose from mutation of simian immunodeficiency virus
1930-africa
HIV replication
Attachment
helper T cells
Cells of macrophage lineage
smooth muscle cells
dendritic cells
Entry
vesicle
Uncoating
viral envelope fuses with vesicle membrane and intact capsid of HIV enters cytosol
Synthesis
reverse transcriptase, making double stranded DNA using viral ssRNA as template
Integration
DNA enters nucleus and becomes part of human DNA molecules remaining part of cell life.
Synthesis of RNA and polypeptides
infected cell transcribes HIV genes to make messenger RNA and multiple copies of ssRNA acting as genome for new viruses.
Assembly and maturation
HIV is nonvirulent. inability to damage or infect
AIDS pathogenesis
only humans can replicate HIV
HIV destroys immune system
AIDS epidemiology
behaviors that increase risk
Anal intercourse
intercourse with someone in these categories
sexual promiscuity
intravenous drug use
Dx
Based on symptoms
low CD4 lymphocytes
antibodies against HIV
ELISA or western blot
Tx
ART