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Great Civilizations of Mesoamerica, ZAPOTECAS (800 B.C.), Its rulers…
Great Civilizations of Mesoamerica
LOCATION
From central of Mexico to Costa Rica
COMMON CHARACTERISTICS
Aztencan God of sun and war
COMMON CHARACTERISTICS
They based their subsistence on agriculture.
Similar techniques in ceramics, metallurgy, weaving and feather art.
Society was divided into very marked social classes.
OLMECS, THE FIRST TO FORM STATES
First civilization (1200 B.C)
Mexican coast
First Mesoamerican pyramid Monumental head carved in stone
Calendar (365 days, divided into 18 months of 20 days plus five days at the end of the year).
OLMECS
First ball game
Heavy ball / break bones
ZAPOTECAS (800 B.C.)
MAYAS (600 B.C)
South and southeast of Mexico.
Expanded to Peten (Guatemala and Belize)
MAYAS
Highest pyramid in America (city el Mirador)
Classic Period (around 300 A.C.:Maya city-states expanded to El Salvador: new cities were created: Quirigua, Palenque, Copan, etc
Invented the zero and writing with logograms
MAYAS
In Yucatan, other Mayan cities emerged, such as Chichen Itza.
Mayan collapse occurred: cities were abandoned due to a prolonged drought of corn cultivation.
MEXICAS OR AZTECS
Located at the current Mexico city
Different civilizations:
Tehotihuacan (300 B.C.- 950 A.C.)
AZTECS
Toltecas (950 A.C.- 1200 A.C.): Capital Tula
Rulers dynasty: Dominated the Mexico valley and founded its capital Tenochtitlan (1325).
The Aztecan empire expansion started in 1427 with the Triple Alliance: Texcoco, Tlacopan and Mexico - Tenochtitlan
Moctezuma
The capital had around 250,000 inhabitants
Ended with the arrival of the Spanish
ZAPOTECAS (800 B.C.)
Buildings, stadiums for ball games
Monte Alban main center
South of Oaxaca and the isthmus of Tehuantepec
Its rulers proclaimed themselves intermediaries with the Gods or directly as sons of God.
Gods were represented as mythological beings, a mixture of man and animal or of different animals.
