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THE REIGN OF THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS, image, image, image, image - Coggle…
THE REIGN OF THE CATHOLIC MONARCHS
ECONOMY AND SOCIETY
Crown of Castilla
The exportation of wool was very important
Transhumance livestock farming developed
The shepherds migrated with their flocks of sheep between seasons in search of new pastures
They migrated to the northern meseta in summer and headed south in winter, because of the weather
The flocks travelled along paths protected by the crown called cañadas reales
As the Catholic Monarchs received taxes from the wool trade
They gave numerous privileges to the association of shepherds that controlled this activity
Honrado Concejo de la Mesta (Honourable Council of the Mesta).
In 1494
Burgos Consulate was founded
To control the exportation of wool from the Cantabrian ports to the textile industries of Flanders and England, among others
The Spanish textile industry developed just enough to cover domestic demand
Agriculture suffered due to the increase in livestock farming
The amount of pasture land increased, replacing the land dedicated to growing crops. In Andalucía, substantial vineyards and olive groves were maintained to produce wine and oil
During the 16th century, the main source of wealth was precious metals (gold and silver) from the Americas.
Crown of Aragón
The crisis of the 14th century provoked an increase in the abuses of the nobility
Known as feudal abuses as the number of available resources declined
These abuses
fines
Other arbitrary measures imposed by the feudal lords and led to a peasant uprising called the War of the Remences.
taxes
Ferdinand, the Catholic, ended this conflict by stopping the feudal abuses of the nobility with the Sentencia Arbitral de Guadalupe in 1486
Trade in the Mediterranean
Benefitted from the incorporation of Italian territories into the Crown of Aragón
Benefitted other economic activities
Shipbuilding and the textile industry
The monarchs protected local industries by placing taxes or duties on foreign products
ART AND CULTURE
During the Catholic Monarchs' reign, new humanist and Renaissance ideas spread from Europe
In the Hispanic kingdoms medieval traditions maintained their importance
The Spanish Renaissance
The increase in the importance of the Castilian language. The philologist and historian Antonio de Nebrija published the first grammar of this language in 1492
The founding of new universities and the spread of the printing press
The most important humanist was Juan Luis Vives, a converted Jew who went into exile to escape the Inquisition and spent the rest of his life in Flanders and England
The Gothic artistic style was maintained
In architecture, the main Gothic works of art were commissioned by the Catholic Monarchs, the Isabelline style' (Isabelline Gothic), and Cardinal Cisneros, the Cisneros style'.
In painting, the works of Pedro Berruguete were greatly influenced by the Flemish style
In sculpture, the Italian Domenico Fancelli was a very important artist. He sculpted the Tomb of the Catholic Monarchs in Granada
