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IDE/ high and low level language - Coggle Diagram
IDE/ high and low level language
Integrated development environment
highlights where errors are in programs
helps to see mistakes in code
integrated debugger
breakpoints, stepping and tracing
customization of code fonts and sizes
keyword syntax help
identify what is supposed to be used
change colours of text in the code
can simulate different output devices eg. a phone screen
Automatic indentation
helps to indent large areas of code
automatic code completion
can predict what keyword is about to be used or should be used
formatting source code
Changes code into particular colours to quickly identify different formats
Comments on code
allows code to be explained or code to become inactive if necessary
simple project navigation
help to see various parts of large projects
Find and replace areas of code
change variables easily
High level language
Easier for humans to write in code that looks like english
Examples
Python
Visual basic
Java
C++
Benefits of using it
Language is recognisable and is similar to English and maths
Easier to maintain
Errors are easily spotable and correctable
Debugging is much easier
Characteristics of high level languages
they are independent from hardware and can be used on any machine
Translated using a compiler or interpreter
One statement can translate into many machine code instructions
Low level language
Language that the computer understands, written in binary
assembly language
Machine code
Executable binary code
Produced by compiler, interpreter or assembler
opcodes and operands
Machine code is made of instruction sets which are instructions or data
OpCODES tell the processor what job needs to be done.
OpERANDS are the data that needs to be acted on, they can also refer to specific places in memory
Translating into machine code
Whatever the language a program needs to be translated into machine code
The processor will only handle machine code
Translators are system software
3 types of translator programs
interpreter
Also used to translate high level language into machine code
Translates each line of source code and then executes it- no object code produced
The interpreter has to be installed locally
Interpreters are useful for helping to identify errors in code as the program will run until it finds a syntax error
Long programs can take a lot more time to execute if its interpreted
compiler
Converts high level language programs (the source code) into machine code
more complex as a single instruction can result in many machine code instructions
Different compilers required for different programming languages
When buying software object code is purchased not the source code
This protects the source code for the original programmer
assembler
Translator that coverts assembly language into machine code
a single assembly code instruction is translated into a single machine code instruction
uses of low level language
Usually used in embedded systems
Gives programmer more control over the components of the system
more control means that specific components can be manipulated in specific ways
Mnemonics used in assembly language
LDA- transfers a number from RAM to the acc
STA- transfers a number from Acc to RAM
ADD- adds the contents of the Acc to the contents of the RAM address
SUB- subtracts the contents of the Acc to the contents of the RAM address
MOV-Moves contents of one memory address to the other
INP-Inputs a value then stores in the acc
OUT- outputs a value then stores it in the Acc
BRA- When looping, used to jump to RAM memory address
HLT- Stops the processor
DAT- defines a variable