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Gene and Genetic Basic of Metabolism and Development - Coggle Diagram
Gene and Genetic Basic of Metabolism and Development
Nucleoside=base+sugar Nucleotide=base+sugar+phosphate
DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid, stores genetic information
Replication
enzymes (protein) breaks the DNA and helps form identical DNA cells
helix open, complimemtary nucleotided, identical strands
Double Helix
Nucleotide- Phosphate, base and deoxyribose sugar
Bases - Cytosine, thymine, Adenine, Guanine
RNA: Ribonucleic Acid
Transcription of genes: after RNA polymerase binds and encounters the start signal, and begin actually creating RNA and this process is called Transcription.
Protein Synthesis:
Ribosome are the small particle that "READ" the genetic message in mRNA.
tRNA carries the ribosomes by the ribonucleic acids.
mRNA is the messenger RNA that synthesize the protein molecules by ribosome under its guidance.
DNA code, Amino acid sequence, protein, folded 3D shape
Gene analysis and Recombinant DNA techniques
Nucleic Acid Hybridization: reformation of double stranded DNA by cooling a solution of single-stranded DNAs.
Genetic engineering
Common features of cloning vectors
Multiple Cloning Site (MCS)
for insertion of the gene of interest
Antibiotic resistant gene
for selection of positive transformants
Promoter
serves as a single to start transcription
The general procedure of cloning process.
ligate digested plasmids with insert (use ligase)>recombinant plasmid
transformation: recombinant plasmids back to bacterium
use restriction enzyme to digest or cut the plasmid (MCS)
insertion of gene into plasmid
selection of positive recombinants
Virus
#
obligately intracellular
synthesis of specialized structure that can transfer viral nucleic acid to other cells
