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hypercalcemia, unresectable - Coggle Diagram
hypercalcemia
disease specific
lymphoma, sarcoidosis, or other granulomatous
low calcium diet, corticosteroids, and treatment of the underlying disease.
calcitriol as treatment
stop the calcitriol, increase salt and fluid intake, or hydrate with IV saline
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mild
avoid : thiazide diuretics, lithium carbonate therapy, volume depletion, prolonged bed rest,inactivity, and a high calcium diet
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severe
Prevention
Hypercalcemia of malignancy, progressive hypercalcemia will accompany tumor progression
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immediate treatment
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Concurrent administration of zoledronic acid (ZA 4 mg IV over 15 min) or pamidronate (60 to 90 mg over 2 hrs).
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Serum calcium 18-20 mg/dL (4.5 to 5 mmol/L) and neurologic symptoms or in those with severe hypercalcemia complicated by renal failure
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Administration of salmon calcitonin (4IU /kg), repeat measurement of serum calcium in.
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unresectable
bisphosphonates, calcimimetic agents, or denosumab.