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Developmental Theory - Coggle Diagram
Developmental Theory
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Erikson: Psychosocial
All eight of Erikson's stages of development include negative outcomes such as fear, shame, rebellion, unhappiness, etc.
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A person forms personality strengths and weaknesses as they pass through each stage, depending on their development during that stage.
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Teachers who apply Erikson's theory of development will create environments in which children are able to do things for themselves.
Erikson believes it is critical for parents to allow children to explore autonomy within an encouraging environment.
Erikson believed that tasks of each stage present themselves at times of crisis in love and work throughout our lives.
Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory was greatly influenced by Freud's Psychosexual Development Theory with a focus on culture and society.
Erikson felt that the early childhood years were crucial in a child's development, but difficulty in the first three stages were not detrimental.
Throughout each stage of development, one gains various virtues such as hope, purpose, care, wisdom, etc.
Vygotsky: Socio Cultural
Vygotsky believed that language is the main way adults transmit information and knowledge to children.
The Zone of Proximal Development is the area in which the most sensitive instruction or guidance should be given.
He thought research should be both qualitative and quantitative and objected to the analysis of children's abilities based on intelligence tests.
Vygotsky's work showed that both cognitive and social development build upon each other and work together,
Vygotsky defines MKO as a More Knowledgeable Other, or someone who has a better understanding than the learner.
Like other theorists, Vygotsky believed that learning takes place when children are at play.
Vygotsky said that babies have four elementary mental functions: attention, sensation, perception, and memory.
A child on the edge of learning a new concept could benefit from the interaction with a peer or a teacher.
Vygotsky focused on the social interactions of children and how that related to the development of their cognition.
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