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Culture - Coggle Diagram

- - - - you finance those sectors which cannot survive in the market by their own
      - Establish criteria: based as far as possible on
        objective elements
      - aiming to maximize the number of expressive forms considered,
      - Ensure a growth of production, distribution and use of cultural products
    - - but there are some basic values – anti-racism, anti-elitism
  - - - the items you’re looking for saving them, something you can touch (in many countries for ex. Italy)
      - in UNESCO concept – in the cultural heritage are included even untouchable things such as the Italian pizza recipe), UNESCO has a broader conception of goods
    - - is the moment in which you create, produce, perform
        
        We think about promoting them, supporting, raising the public interest
  - - - This service is not a good but it is an activity, it cannot be copyied
      - For ex. people pay to Netflix for the easy access, without long process of searching and downloading, for the selection of good series which was made for them, for some exclusive content as a bonus
      - People should be involved in the process of making the content
- - - - complete
        lack of attention to the activity of artistic creation.
  - - - elitist
        vision of culture still dominates
    - - full interest in the
        destiny of cultural heritage and cultural activities
    - - direct intervention: create a complex of institutions
  - - - Plural forms and expressions
      - National and local cultural policies
      - State and market operating together
      - A new concept for museums, libraries, archives
      - different models of education
    - - common heritage: Greek philosophy, Roman law and the Christian faith
        
        institutionalize the characteristics of a common culture
      - mix of different cultures in the basis of the common European culture
        
        enhance the heritage of each country
      - The Evolution
        
        republican nationalism
        
        the “political” feeling follows the cultural one
        
        constitutional patriotism
        
        the creation of a European demos follows
        the construction of common institutions, Constitution
      - The term Creativity focuses on the needs of innovation and sharing
    - - to stimulate cultural consumes (for ex. lower VAT tax on cultural goods )
      - to educate the public in a conscious approach (give smth easy to swallow before)
      - to support production (create chances, occasions to start)
      - to balance productions and consumes in regions of a country
    - - Dematerialization of culture
        
        Illuzion that everything in the Internet is free and ownless
        
        the authors' rights are damaged
      - digital divide
        
        pre-existing inequalities s between countries in different areas
        of the world and between social groups
- - - - organization of the state apparatus
        
        centralized model (French Ministry of Culture)
        
        widespread model (Russia)
        
        several Ministries of responsibility for different public programs
        
        "attenuated" model (UK)
        
        assignment to agencies or to
        public or "quasi-public" foundations
      - Distribution of the public functions between center and periphery
        
        Statist structures
        
        strong centralization (France)
        
        Localist structures - higher decentralization of
        responsibility (Norway)
        
        Consociational structures: 50/50 (Canada)
        
        Pluralist structures
        
        the main actors that determine and decide national cultural policies are not public, but are private (United States)
    - - FACILITATOR (US)
        
        The State aims to support the development of artistic
        creativity in general
        
        The sources of financing are diversified
        
        The status of the artist is determined by the individual success
        
        indirect support implemented through forms of tax exemption
      - Maecenas (European countries + Latin America)
        
        considerable direct financing
        
        defines some quality
        artistic standards
        
        The status of the artist is identified by compliance with
        certain standards of excellence
      - ARCHITECT (China, Facist Italy)
        
        directly finances cultural and artistic institutions
        based on political decisions i
        
        The status of the artist is determined by the fact of belonging to a union or an artistic community recognized by the State.
      - ENGINEER (USSR)
        
        cultural policies for political or propaganda purposes
        
        the state owns all the means of artistic production