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Asthma - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Asthma is considered intermittent if without treatment any of the following are true:
      - Symptoms (difficulty breathing, wheezing, chest tightness, and coughing):
      - Occur on fewer than 2 days a week.
      - Do not interfere with normal activities.
      - Nighttime symptoms occur on fewer than 2 days a month.
      - Lung function tests (spirometry and peak expiratory flow[PEF]) are normal when the person is not having an asthma attack. The results of these tests are 80% or more of the expected value and vary little (PEF varies less than 20%) from morning to afternoon.
  - - - Symptoms occur on more than 2 days a week but do not occur every day.
      - Attacks interfere with daily activities.
      - Nighttime symptoms occur 3 to 4 times a month.
      - Lung function tests are normal when the person is not having an asthma attack. The results of these tests are 80% or more of the expected value and may vary a small amount (PEF varies 20% to 30%) from morning to afternoon.
  - - - Symptoms occur daily. Inhaled short-acting asthma medication is used every day.
      - Symptoms interfere with daily activities.
      - Nighttime symptoms occur more than 1 time a week, but do not happen every day.
      - Lung function tests are abnormal (more than 60% to less than 80% of the expected value), and PEF varies more than 30% from morning to afternoon.
  - - - Symptoms:
      - Occur throughout each day.
      - Severely limit daily physical activities.
      - Nighttime symptoms occur often, sometimes every night.
      - Lung function tests are abnormal (60% or less of expected value), and PEF varies more than 30% from morning to afternoon.
- - - - Berhenti merokok:
      - Aktivitas fisik
      - Berikan rekomendasi agar pasien melakukan aktivitas fisik yang teratur dan informasi terkait mengatasi Exercise-Induced bronchoconstriction
      - Asma okupasi
      - Identifikasi dan sarankan untuk menghilangkan allergen okupasi secepat mungkin
      - NSAID termasuk aspirin:
        
        Selalu tanyakan riwayat asma pada pasien sebelum memberikan obat tersebut
  - - - Agonis beta-2 kerja singkat
        
        Antikolinergik
        
        Metilsantin
        
        Agonis beta-2 kerja lama
        
        Kortikosteroid sistemik