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robbery - Coggle Diagram
robbery
actus reus
steals
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once force has been applied to allow the defendant to steal then it becomes a robbery- corcoran v anderton (1980)
force
the prosecution must prove force of threat of force immediately before or at the time of theft and in order to steal
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this could be quite subjective. in (clouden) wrenching a shopping basket from somebody's hand is considered force but in (p v dpp) snatching a cigarette was not considered force
fear of force
force doesn't necessarily have to be applied to the victim, fear of force is enough
this could be threatening words, threatening gestures etc.
the victim does not have to be scared, it is sufficient that the defendant sought to put them in fear of force- b and r v the dpp (2007)
this can be 'on any person' the use or threat of force does not have to be on the victim of the theft
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mens rea
must have the mens rea for theft AND the defendant must intend or be reckless with regards to the use or threat of force
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defined in s.8 theft act 1968 as 'a person is guilty of robbery if he steals and immediately before or at the time of doing so and in order to do so he uses force on any person or put or seeks to put any person in fear of being then and there subjected to force'