CHEMICAL REACTION

Atomic Mass

The mass of an atom in atomic mass units (amu)

1 atom 12C "weights" 12 amu

Based on this scale:
1H = 1.008 amu
16O = 16.00 amu

Average atomic mass
(percent of elements)/ 100

Also can get this value on periodic table

Mole, Molar Mass & NA

Molar Mass

  • 1 mole 12^C atoms = 6.022 x 10^23 atoms = 12 amu
  • 1 mole 12C atoms = 12g 12^C

Avogadro's Number

  • The number of units in one mole of any substance

Mole (mol)

  • The amount of a substance that contains as many elementary entities as there are in exactly 12.00g of 12C
  • 1 mol = NA = 6.022 x 10^23

Basic Formula
https://www.chemteam.info/Mole/Avogadro-Number-CalcsII-1.GIF

Percent Composition

  • The calculation from a molecular formula by dividing the mass of a single element in one mode of a compound by the mass of one mole of the entire compound.


  • this value is presented as a percentage

https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-V1JLwX7TYMY/TwpMvyFVOdI/AAAAAAAAAHM/2MbK7_GHfAg/s1600/Percent+Composition+Formula.bmp

Chemical Reaction & Equation

Chemical Equation is used chemical symbols to show what happens during a chemical reaction.

There are 3 ways to read chemical equation
2Mg + O2 = 2 MgO

Chemical Reaction is a process in which one or more substances is changed into one or more new substances

2 moles Mg + 1 mole O2 makes 2 moles MgO

48.6 grams Mg + 32.0 grams O2 makes 80.6 g MgO

2 atoms Mg + 1 molecule O2 makes 2 formula units MgO

Balancing Equation
https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/image-files/xbalance-chemical-equations.png.pagespeed.ic.mtPzrx5_1V.png

Amounts of Reactants & Products

Mass Changes in Chemical Reaction

Mass of reactant = Moles of reactant = Moles of product

Mass of reactant = Moles of reactant = Moles of product = Mass of product

Moles of reactant = Moles of product

Limiting Reagent

Reaction Yield

Actual Yield

  • The amount of product actually obtained from a reaction.

%Yield = Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield X 100

Theoretical Yield

  • Amount of product that would result all the limiting reagent reacted.

Reaction in Aqueous Solution

Solution

  • Homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances

Solute

  • The substance(s) present in the smaller amount(s)

Solvent

  • The substance present in the larger amount

Preparing a Solution of Known Molarity

Titrations
Equivalence point - The point at which the reaction is complete
Indicator - Substance the changes color at (or near) the equivalence point

Dilution
(M1V1 = M2V2)

  • The procedure for preparing a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated solution