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Chapter 1
Introduction to Quality
Decision Making
image, Decision…
Chapter 1
Introduction to Quality
Decision Making
- Normative vs Descriptive pursuits🤠
- What constitutes a good decision?🧐
- Stakeholder of a decision
- 🤙🏻 Elements of Decision Quality
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- what people should and can do
- ideal decision (perfect)
- works only when all the underlying assumptions prevail
- mathematical rules
- what people actually do, or have done
- satisfying decisions (good enough)
- takes into consideration of internal and external factors
(emotions, time constraints, ability)
- physics law (Newton’s model)
- "hot emotional system"
- focused on proximate and immediate stimuli/ emotion
- anger, fear, hunger, sex, impatience
- Example: gut-feel decision making
- “cool cognitive system”
- rational / knowledge-based
- prefrontal cortex helps to process information and make rational decision
Prefrontal cortex
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- taking action after an incident /event has occurred
- Example: Put a security system after experienced a robbery
- change in circumstances that impels someone to declare a decision
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- anticipating issues and taking action to minimize challenges/damages before it become a problematic
- without any external stimulus, just because you want to
- Example: Put a security system in before robbery happened
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- Example: Didn’t take any action after robbery happened
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- Self-talk
"What a beautiful sky!"
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- Day-dream
"I want to be the richest person in the world."
- Express feeling
"I'm bored"
- Response to stimulus
Crying after cutting an onion
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- Trained skill
Learn to ride a bicycle
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- "Number of decisions ↑, Effort ↓"
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- Choice between two or more alternatives that involves an irrevocable allocation of resources
(time & money)
- Mental commitment or intention is NOT a decision
thinking where to spend your vacation (time)
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book flight tickets, make hotel reservations, pay fees for cancellation or change (money)
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merely thinking about where to spend your vacation,
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- Example: "what to eat for breakfast vs what car to buy
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- actional thought (think about what to do)
- Example: Exercise every day to lose weight
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- the person who will act
(think, decide & implement)
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- way of viewing the decision
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- available choices which under control of decision maker
- high quality decision will involve consideration of substantially different alternatives
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- high quality decision will have clear, carefully specified preferences
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- high quality decision process ensures that information acquisition is neither overdone nor underdone
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- Make logic and rational decision
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Stakeholder is someone who can affect, or will be affected by the decision
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Shareholders, employees, and customers
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Patient, doctors, nurses, and the patient’s family
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- A seat is the logic that will determine the best action for this decision basis and hold the legs together
- The location of the stool represents your decision frame, which determines
alternatives, information, and preferences
- Example: Need a place to live
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- Person sitting on the stool represent the decision maker
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- Stool will collapse if remove any of its legs