Type 1 (intermediate) Ch.18 lecture 2

S/S

mild and localized

site of infection depends on portal of entry

Inhaled allergens

hay fever

runny nose, sneezing, itching

asthma

wheezing, coughing, excessive production of thick, sticky mucus

Inflammation of skin

hives, urticaria

latex, wool, venom of wasps, bees, deer flies, fleas, etc.

Anaphylaxis

S/S

rapid suffocation

Bronchial smooth muscle contracts then increase of fluid from blood vessels causes swelling of larynx and other tissues

bee stings, peanuts, vaccines containing egg proteins, antibiotics like PCN, iodine dyes, local anesthetic blood products and morphine

Dx

immunCAP, specific IgE blood test, CAP REST, pharmacia CAP

Prevention

filter air, avoid rural areas during pollen season, encasing bedding, vaccuming and avoiding furniture that can trap dust

Tx

Antihistamine

neutralized histamine

Asthma

glucocorticoid and bronchodilator

Epinephrine

neutralizes chemicals in anaphylaxis