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Acquisition, Emergent Bilinguals, Imitation Theory, Communicative…
Characteristics: Natural process, informal, unconscious effort
Definition: Acquisition is the natural development of obtaining something of quality, skill, or knowledge.
Examples: A child understanding how to communicate through language before receiving formal language education. A child acquiring their first language
Non examples: Learning a language, studying new information, memorizing words 
Emergent Bilinguals
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Non Examples: Students speaking English in an English speaking classroom, teachers speaking Spanish in a Spanish speaking school
Examples: Spanish speaking students in an English speaking classroom. Students with German first language in a French speaking school.
Characteristics: Students speaking their first language that is different from the language spoken in the classroom. An English learner acquiring the English language. A bilingual student.
Imitation Theory
Examples: A child hearing the word "ball" then repeating the word. A child hearing the phrase "Good Morning!" then repeating the phrase.
Definition: When a child hears spoken words and phrases from others and tries to speak and repeat the words or phrases they hear.
Non Examples: Learning a language through reinforcement. Learning words through stimulus and response.
Characteristics: Imitating repeating, and memorizing words or phrases.
Communicative Competence
Definition: Knowing what to say to whom in a particular circumstance
Non Examples: Phrases with literal meanings. Phrases that are not used in multiple contexts. "It is cold outside" "The sky is blue" "She is hungry"
Characteristics: Using social context to determine what or how someone says something to another person. Multiple meanings in language. Influenced language in the field, tenor, and mode.
Examples: Phrases that have multiple meanings depending on the social context. "Excuse me" could either be used as an apology or used to get another person's attention. The phrase "I'm on top of it" may mean someone is literally on top of something or they are going to get something done.
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