Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Degradation - Coggle Diagram
Degradation
coal mining
-
-
-
method of waste disposal affects land water, air and quality of life of people in adjacent areas
emits - partivulate polluiton - lung cancer, heart diseases
-
Economy v/s Ecosystem
Environmental risks continue to threaten the global economy, causes - extreme weather, infectious diseases, human envtal damage
-
55% of global GDP depends on high-functionoing biodiv and ecosystem services eg corals - 9 us dollar trillion economy
-
-
way forward
- all countries should deliver their NDCs ahead of COP26
- Nations should immediately kick-start their transitions to net- zero emissions
-
$billion that developed countries promised to provide every year to help developing nations cope with the impacts of CC must finally flow as promised
conc
- an amazing economy can be created by moving to circular economic systems....2
...2...by reusing of resources, reducing emissions
Govt and civil society must work towards creating opportunities for future industries that generate prosperity and ensure fair and equitable transitions in development
-
Mining
intro
-
State govt
-
have power to frame a policy and regulate exploration, extraction, and processing of all minor minerals - clay sand
-
-
-
-
Green tax
-
features
transport vehicles - older than 8 years 10-15% of road tax at time of renewal of fitness certificate
-
-
-
-
benefits
-
motivating people to switch to new, less polluting v
-
oil spills
reasons
accidents involving tankers, pipelines, refineries and storage facilities
-
-
-
-
-
-
impacts
ecological
-
Reduces the level of dissolved oxygen, thus
threatens the aquatic life.
-
-
-
oil destroys insulating ability of fur bearing mammals and water repelling abilities of a bird's feathers
-
a short term oil spill can cause long term damages to ennv and ecology , economic loss
methods to clean
- USE OF OIL BOOMS use of containment boom floating barrier to contain spread of spilled oil. containmnet boom acts as fence to prevent oil from further spreading
- using skimmers(machines ) - deployed on boats to remove contaminants (oil)from water surface
- natural recovery - sun, wind, microbes - used when shoreline is remote or not accessible
- use of oil sorbents - peat moss
- in situ burning of oil layer
- use of dispersants to break oil components - sprayed via boats and aircraft
- Bioremediation - Oilzapper
coastal erosion
-
causes
natural
waves, winds, tides, near shore currents, storms , sea level rise
human induced
coastal defense st, river regulation work, sand mining, oil and gas exploration
-
Sunderban Islands
threats
-
increase in salinity in water and soil - threatens health of mangrove forests and quality of soil and crops
-
cyclone prone hence frequent cyclones and erratic monsoon raining pattern damages ecology and humanity
eg YAas cyclone caused serious damages - strong winds and breached embankments leading to ingress of sea water
scarcity of drinking water, crops destroyed , lands can't be cultivated due to salinity
-