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Biology cycle test, Protein synthesis - Coggle Diagram
Biology cycle test
Meiosis
Humans start as a single fertilised egg called a zygote. This when do gametes which are basically sex cells the fuse together during fertilisation. The zygote then forms a ball of cells using a type of cell division called meiosis.
The instructions for an organism are found as a code in the molecule called DNA. The DNA of an organism is genome and most cells contain a complete copy of an organism genome.
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Structure of DNA
DNA is made of molecules called nucleotides and each nucleotide contains a Phosphate group and also a sugar group with a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases aedine thymine, guanine, cytosine. The order of these bases is what determines DNA instructions and also coding.
Protein synthesis
In transcription the DNA bases are used to make a strand of RNA (Ribonucleic). During transcription an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA in front of the gene in a non-coding region the enzyme then separates the two DNA strands. The enzyme then goes across the DNA strand adding complementary RNA nucleotides. These contain the same bases as DNA except that uracil. The nucleotides then link to form messenger RNA.