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Latin America States National, mexico, argentina, brasil, venezuela,…
Latin America States National
Colombia
1849: epidemic of cholera killed some 20.000 people
1851: manumission of the slaves
1850: The coffee boom produced the colonization of Antioquia (capital Medellín)
CIVIL WARS
• 1839: against liberal president Marquez (4 years)
• 1853 / 1863: 2 liberal constitutions
o Federalism
o Suffrage - all men over 21 years old
o Directed popular vote
o Freedom of expression
• 1886: New constitution "Regeneration"
o Abolished federalism - central government
o Recognized the Catholic as a state religion.
Brazil
Emperor of Brazil Peter I:
• 1. Abdicated in 1831.
• 2. Discredited by the war Argentine-Brazilian wars, in which Uruguay lost
Pedro II:
Emperor (14years old)
govern for 58 years
Perú and Bolivia
First years struggles between military to reach power
Mariscal Ramón Castilla: Restructure and order the country - guano export
WARS: BAD economic situation:
Against Spain
Pacific War (1879-83)
Pacific War: Bolivia lose its way to the sea
"The Conservative-liberal oligarchy": a period of democratic stability supported by silver and tin sales
Successive military coups
Bolivia: in honor to Simón Bolivar - Antonio José de Sucre
1836 - 1839: Peruvian-Bolivian confederation
Argentina
1829: President Juan Manuel de Rosas - 20 years
1852: a constitution integrated in one country to all the regions of Viceroyalty of La Plata
Bartolomé Mitre & Domingo Fautisno Sarmiento
• 1. Extermination of Indigenous
• 2. Railways
• 3. Agriculture
• 4. Basic Education
• 5. Civil Marriage
1880: Buenos Aires - Capital
Venezuela
The first years of the independent life of the Andean Republics
Mass poverty
Political dispersion
Civil wars
1826: José Antonio Páez led a rebellion against Santander
1829: Gran Colombia separation
1830: Constituent Congress in Valencia
Mexico’s Beginnig of independent life
1824: Constitution - Federal Republic of the United Mexican States.
Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana (1794-1876), 11 times president
Juarez - Liberal Reform
• Free market economy
• Separation Church - State
• Secularized education
• Privileges of "corporations" ended
1862: French invassion
• Concentration of lands.
• Foreign investments in mines.
• Development without indigenous.
1910: Mexican revolution
