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PROBABILITY - Coggle Diagram
PROBABILITY
- Sample space is the set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment.
- If an event E cannot occur, then P(E)=0
- If an event E is certain to occur, then P(E)=1
- The sum of the probability of success and the probability of failure for any event is always equal to 1 so P(E) + P(E')=1
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COMPOUNDED EVENTS:
In general, a compound event consists of two or more simple events. Tossing a dice is a simple event;
but tossing two dices or coins is a compound event.
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Throwing Dice:
When a single die is thrown, there are six possible outcomes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
The probability of any one of them is 1/6
examples:
The chances of rolling a "4" with a die Number of ways it can happen: 1 (there is only 1 face with a "4" on it) Total number of outcomes: 6 (there are 6 faces altogether) So the probability:1/6
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Probability does not tell us exactly what will happen, it is just a guide
Example: toss a coin 100 times, how many Heads will come up?
Probability says that heads have a ½ chance, so we can expect 50 Heads.
But when we actually try it we might get 48 heads, or 55 heads ... or anything really, but in most cases it will be a number near 50.
The probability of an event is the ratio of the number of ways an event can happen to the total number
of outcomes in the sample space.
There are a total of 52 outcomes when selecting a card from a standard deck. The probability
of selecting the king of hearts is 1/52.
Marbles:
Example: there are 5 marbles in a bag: 4 are blue, and 1 is red. What is the probability that a blue marble gets picked?
Answer:Number of ways it can happen: 4 (there are 4 blues) Total number of outcomes: 5 (there are 5 marbles in total) So the probability : 4/5 =0,8
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