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Rivers - Coggle Diagram
Rivers
Landforms of Erosion
V-Shaped Valley
Features
Steep Valley Sides
Narrow Valley Floor
Occurs during the Youthful Stage
Excess Velocity
Used to Erode
Hydraulic Action
Solution
Weathering
Wears down the Sides
Steep Slope
Mass Movement
Uneven River Bed
Eddying Occurs
Creates potholes
River meets hard rock
Goes around it
Creates Interlocking Spurs
Forms Zig-Zag
E.g.
Youthful Stage of the Liffey
Waterfall
E.g.
Powerscourt Waterfall, Wicklow
Occurs over boundary between hard and soft rock
Soft Rock is Eroded
Differential Erosion
Hydraulic Action
Abrasion
Hard Rock Remains
Occurs during the Youthful Stage
Rapids Form
Erosion speeds up
Slope Increases
small lip forms
Plunge Pool Forms
Eddying increases depth of Plunge Pool
Overhang Forms
hangover falls in
Rocks used to Erode further through abrasion
Gorge Forms
a steep sided river valley
The waterfall slowly recedes
Techtronic Uplift may cause a waterfall to form during the old age stage
Can also be formed during Glaciation
in the form of a Hanging Valley
Deposition
Levee
E.g River Barrow, Co. Carlow
Old Age Stage of the River
Form from Deposition
Flooding
Floodplains get Flooded
Suspended Load is Dropped
Silt & Alluvium
Heavy Material near the Bank
Formed a Ridge
Light Material brought far in
Ridge Forms
Prevents future Flooding
Ridge gets higher each time it floods
Man-made Levees are made
expensive
high maintenance
Prevents floodplains from fertilising
E.g. Mississippi
