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Great civilizations of Mesoamerica - Coggle Diagram
Great civilizations of Mesoamerica
Vocabulary:
Arrival(llegada): the act of arriving
Carved (tallado/esculpido): to make something by cutting into especially wood or stone
Drought(sequía): a period of dryness especially when prolonged
Feather(pluma): one of the many soft, light things that cover a bird's body
Found(fundar): to establish (something) often with provision for future maintenance
Hummingbird(colibrí): a very small, brightly coloured bird with a long, thin beak, whose wings move very fast and make a humming noise
Isthmus (istmo): a narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas
Main(principal): the chief part, essential point
Rulers(gobernador): the leader of a country:
Wave(tejer): to interlace (threads) into cloth
Location:
From central of Mexico to Costa Rica.
COMMON CHARACTERISTICS:
Its rulers proclaimed themselves intermediaries with the Gods or directly as sons of God.
Gods were represented as mythological beings, a mixture of man and animal or of different animals.
Aztecan god of sun and war
Man with hummingbird feathers
.
They based their subsistence on agriculture.
Similar techniques in ceramics, metallurgy, weaving and feather art.
Society was divided into very marked social classes
They usually made human sacrifices to these Gods.
Olmecs, the first to form states:
First civilization (1200 B.C)
Mexican coast
First Mesoamerican pyramid Monumental head carved in stone
Calendar (365 days, divided into 18 months of 20 days plus five days at the end of the year
OLMECS:
First ball game
Heavy ball / break bones
ZAPOTECAS (800 B.C.)
South of Oaxaca and the isthmus of Tehuantepec
Monte Alban main center
Buildings, stadiums for ball games
MAYAS (600 B.C)
South and southeast of Mexico.
Expanded to Peten (Guatemala and Belize)
Highest pyramid in America (city el Mirador)
Classic Period (around 300 A.C.:Maya city-states expanded to El Salvador: new cities were created: Quirigua, Palenque, Copan, etc
Invented the zero and writing with logograms
In Yucatan, other Mayan cities emerged, such as Chichen Itza.
Mayan collapse occurred: cities were abandoned due to a prolonged drought of corn cultivation.
Chichen Itza:
MEXICAS OR AZTECS:
Located at the current Mexico city
Different civilizations:
Tehotihuacan (300 B.C.- 950 A.C.)
Toltecas (950 A.C.- 1200 A.C.): Capital Tula
Rulers dynasty: Dominated the Mexico valley and founded its capital Tenochtitlan (1325).
The Aztecan empire expansion started in 1427 with the Triple Alliance: Texcoco, Tlacopan and Mexico - Tenochtitlan
Moctezuma
The capital had around 250,000 inhabitants
Ended with the arrival of the Spanish
